Pathways explaining racial/ethnic and socio-economic disparities in brain white matter integrity outcomes in the UK Biobank study.

Autor: Weiss J; Stanford Center on Longevity, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA., Beydoun MA; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Beydoun HA; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Georgescu MF; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Hu YH; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Noren Hooten N; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Banerjee S; Public Health Doctoral Programs, Walden University, Minneapolis, MN, USA., Launer LJ; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Evans MK; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA., Zonderman AB; Laboratory of Epidemiology and Population Sciences, National Institute on Aging, NIA/NIH/IRP, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: SSM - population health [SSM Popul Health] 2024 Mar 20; Vol. 26, pp. 101655. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 20 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2024.101655
Abstrakt: Pathways explaining racial/ethnic and socio-economic status (SES) disparities in white matter integrity (WMI) reflecting brain health, remain underexplored, particularly in the UK population. We examined racial/ethnic and SES disparities in diffusion tensor brain magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) markers, namely global and tract-specific mean fractional anisotropy (FA), and tested total, direct and indirect effects through lifestyle, health-related and cognition factors using a structural equations modeling approach among 36,184 UK Biobank participants aged 40-70 y at baseline assessment (47% men). Multiple linear regression models were conducted, testing independent associations of race/ethnicity, socio-economic and other downstream factors in relation to global mean FA, while stratifying by Alzheimer's Disease polygenic Risk Score (AD PRS) tertiles. Race (Non-White vs. White) and lower SES predicted poorer WMI (i.e. lower global mean FA) at follow-up, with racial/ethnic disparities in FA mean involving multiple pathways and SES playing a central role in those pathways. Mediational patterns differed across tract-specific FA outcomes, with SES-FA mean total effect being partially mediated (41% of total effect = indirect effect). Furthermore, the association of poor cognition with FA mean was markedly stronger in the two uppermost AD PRS tertiles compared to the lower tertile (T 2 and T 3 : β±SE: -0.0009 ± 0.0001 vs. T 1 : β±SE: -0.0005 ± 0.0001, P  < 0.001), independently of potentially confounding factors. Race and lower SES were generally important determinants of adverse WMI outcomes, with partial mediation of socio-economic disparities in global mean FA through lifestyle, health-related and cognition factors. The association of poor cognition with lower global mean FA was stronger at higher AD polygenic risk.
Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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