Seasonal and sex-related variation in vitamin D status and its association with other biochemical markers in young individuals: A cross-sectional study.

Autor: Mendes MM; Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.; Postgraduate Program, Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Goias, Goiania/GO, Brazil., Araújo MM; Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil., Botelho PB; Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil., de Carvalho KMB; Department of Nutrition, Graduate Program in Human Nutrition, University of Brasilia, Brasília, Federal District, Brazil.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Mar 29; Vol. 19 (3), pp. e0298862. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298862
Abstrakt: Background: While several studies have investigated the association between vitamin D deficiency and biochemical parameters, the results are still inconsistent and mostly overlook seasonal variations. This study explored the relationships between 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D) concentrations, biochemical markers, and seasonal variation among young males and females.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 203 individuals aged 18-24 years of both sexes residing in Brasilia, Brazil (latitude: 15°S). Sociodemographic variables, season of blood collection, and serum levels of 25(OH)D, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glucose, insulin, hs-CRP, parathyroid hormone, ionized calcium, and alkaline phosphatase were included. Descriptive statistics and differences among groups, correlations, and linear regression tests were performed.
Results: The mean age of the participants was 21.17±1.7 years, and the mean serum 25(OH)D level was 25.76±7.0 ng/mL. Of the participants, 50.7% had vitamin D insufficiency (20 to 29.9 ng/mL), and 23.2% were vitamin D deficient (≤20 ng/mL). Vitamin D deficiency was higher in the spring (53.2%) and among females (29.5%). In young men with vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency (≤29.9 ng/mL) (n = 49), 25(OH)D levels were inversely correlated with HOMA-β (r = -0.234, p = 0.032) and triglyceride (r = -0.415, p = 0.003) levels. However, there were no significant correlations between 25(OH)D concentrations and biochemical markers among women with insufficient and deficient vitamin D levels.
Conclusion: This study found a high prevalence of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency among young individuals living in Brasília, Brazil, particularly women and during the spring season. Our findings suggest that lower 25(OH)D levels (≤29.9 ng/mL) may be associated with insulin resistance and an increased risk of cardiovascular disease in young men studied. However, further studies with larger representative samples are needed to explore the mechanisms underlying the association between vitamin D and biochemical parameters.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Mendes et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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