Unlocking water potential in drylands: Quicklime and fly ash enhance soil microbiome structure, ecological networks and function in acid mine drainage water-irrigated agriculture.

Autor: Munyai R; Department of Agriculture and Animal Health, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa.; School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 210-40601 Bondo, Kenya., Ogola HJO; School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Jaramogi Oginga Odinga University of Science and Technology, P.O Box 210-40601 Bondo, Kenya.; Department of Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida Science Campus, Roodepoort, 1709, South Africa., Wambui Kimani V; Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology Research Centre (IMB-RC), Kenya Industrial Research and Development Institute (KIRDI), Popo Road off Mombasa Road, South C, Nairobi, Kenya., Modise DM; Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North West University, Private Bag X6001, Potchefstroom Campus, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Heliyon [Heliyon] 2024 Mar 16; Vol. 10 (6), pp. e27985. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Mar 16 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27985
Abstrakt: In water-stressed regions, treated acid mine drainage (AMD) water for irrigated agriculture is a potential solution to address freshwater scarcity. However, a significant knowledge gap exists on the short and long-term effects of treated AMD water on soil health. This study used high-throughput Illumina sequencing and predictive metagenomic profiling to investigate the impact of untreated AMD (AMD), quicklime- (A1Q and A2Q) and quicklime and fly ash-treated AMD water (AFQ) irrigation on soil bacterial diversity, co-occurrence networks and function. Results showed that untreated AMD water significantly increased soil acidity, electrical conductivity (EC), sulfate (SO 4 2- ), and heavy metals (HM), including reduced microbial diversity, disrupted interaction networks, and functional capacity. pH, EC, Cu, and Pb were identified as key environmental factors shaping soil microbial diversity and structure. Predominantly, Pseudomonas , Ralstonia picketti , Methylotenera KB913035, Brevundimonas vesicularis , and Methylobacterium oryzae , known for their adaptability to acidic conditions and metal resistance, were abundant in AMD soils. However, soils irrigated with treated AMD water exhibited significantly reduced acidity (pH > 6.5), HM and SO 4 2- levels, with an enrichment of a balanced bacterial taxa associated with diverse functions related to soil health and agricultural productivity. These taxa included Sphingomonas , Pseudoxanthomonas , Achromobacter , Microbacterium , Rhodobacter , Clostridium , Massillia , Rhizobium , Paenibacillus , and Hyphomicrobium. Moreover, treated AMD water contributed to higher connectivity and balance within soil bacterial co-occurrence networks compared to untreated AMD water. These results show that quicklime/fly ash treatments can help lessen impacts of AMD water on soil microbiome and health, suggesting its potential for irrigated agriculture in water-scarce regions.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(© 2024 The Authors.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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