Faecal cortisol metabolites, body temperature, and behaviour of beef cattle exposed to a heat load.

Autor: Idris M; Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Punjab 63100, Pakistan. Electronic address: musadiq.idris@iub.edu.pk., Sullivan M; School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia., Gaughan JB; School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia., Keeley T; School of Agriculture and Food Sustainability, Gatton Campus, The University of Queensland, Gatton, QLD 4343, Australia., Phillips CJC; Institute of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Kreutzwalki 1, 51014 Tartu, Estonia; Curtin University Sustainability Policy (CUSP) Institute, Curtin University, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Animal : an international journal of animal bioscience [Animal] 2024 Apr; Vol. 18 (4), pp. 101112. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 15.
DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101112
Abstrakt: Feedlot cattle are at times exposed to high environmental temperatures. Faecal cortisol metabolites were related to possible indicators of heat stress that could be measured under field conditions: respiratory dynamics (respiration rate), body surface temperature and adaptive behaviours, such as water consumption, posture (standing, lying), and activity (eating, drinking and rumination). Twelve (12) yearling Black Angus steers were divided into two treatment groups: a hot treatment (HOT; n = 6) and a thermoneutral-treatment (TN; n = 6) and individually housed in a climate-controlled facility at The University of Queensland, Australia. In the TN treatment, all animals were exposed to an ambient temperature of 20.34 ± 0.25 °C, relative humidity 71.51 ± 3.26% and Temperature humidity index (THI) 66.91 ± 0.33 throughout. In the HOT treatment group, environmental conditions were exposed to different climatic phases from thermoneutral to hot conditions, where they remained for 7 d, and then returned to TN conditions in the recovery period. The dry bulb ambient temperature (T A ) and relative humidity (RH) in the pens of cattle in the HOT treatment were increased from 28 °C (daily maximum ambient temperature) and 45% RH at 0700 h to a daily maximum T A and RH of 35 °C (daily maximum ambient temperature) and 50% (THI 77) at 1100 h, which was maintained until 1600 h, after which it declined until it reached the baseline at 2000 h. In both treatments, there was a significant decrease in faecal cortisol metabolite concentration from the start to the end of the experiments they adapted to the experimental facility. The concentration of faecal cortisol metabolites was greater in the HOT treatment, compared to the TN treatment during the heat exposure period, but there was no difference in the transition or recovery periods. Respiration rate was greater in the HOT treatment during heat exposure, and it increased with ambient dry bulb temperature above 26 °C, the latter being the upper critical temperature. Although positive correlations were detected between faecal cortisol metabolites and body surface temperature measurements, particularly the shoulder and rump, as well as standing time, panting score and drinking, a stepwise regression found that faecal cortisol metabolites were only significantly correlated with one variable, respiration rate. It is concluded that respiration rate is the best indicator of the stress induced by hot conditions for cattle.
(Copyright © 2024. Published by Elsevier B.V.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: