A multi-centre investigation of macrovascular and non-ocular microvascular complications in children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus in southern Ghana.

Autor: Akpalu J; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Essuman VA; Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Amoaku WM; Academic Ophthalmology, MHCN, University of Nottingham, 'B' Floor, Eye & ENT Centre, Nottingham University Hospital, QMC Nottingham, UK., Abaidoo B; Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Surgery, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Essuman A; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana., Hayfron-Benjamin C; Department of Physiology, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Anaesthesia, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Korle Bu, Accra, Ghana., Barnes NA; Santa Rosa Community Health, Vista Clinic 3569 Round Barn Circle, Santa Rosa, USA., Tagoe NN; Eye Department, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana., Asare G; Chemical Pathology Unit, Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, University of Ghana School of Basic and Allied Health Sciences, College of Health Sciences, Accra, Ghana., Ndanu TA; Department of Preventive & Community Dentistry, University of Ghana Dental School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Appiah-Thompson B; Eye Department, Cape-Coast Teaching Hospital, Cape Coast, Ghana., Ofori-Adjei ID; Eye Department, Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana., Sackey AH; Department of Child Health, University of Ghana Medical School, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Ghana medical journal [Ghana Med J] 2023 Jun; Vol. 57 (2), pp. 87-96.
DOI: 10.4314/gmj.v57i2.2
Abstrakt: Objectives: To investigate the prevalence of macrovascular and non-ocular microvascular complications and the associated factors among children and adolescents with diabetes mellitus in selected hospitals in southern Ghana.
Design: A cross-sectional study.
Setting: The out-patient clinics of the Departments of Child Health, Medicine and Therapeutics, Family Medicine, Ophthalmology, and the National Diabetes Management and Research Centre, all at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, as well as from Cape-Coast Teaching Hospital in the Central Region of Ghana.
Participants: Fifty-eight children and adolescents aged 4-19 years who had been diagnosed with diabetes mellitus.
Main Outcome Measures: Macrovascular (peripheral artery disease and coronary heart disease) and non-ocular microvascular complications (neuropathy and nephropathy).
Results: Data from 58 children and adolescents with diabetes were analysed. The mean age of participants was 14.6±2.6 years, and a female preponderance was observed (45, 77.6%). The prevalence of macrovascular and non-ocular microvascular complications was 27.6% and 8.6%, respectively. Long duration of diabetes diagnosis (p=0.044) and low triglycerides (p=0.009) were associated with microvascular complications, while high triglycerides (p=0.032), lower HDL cholesterol (p=0.046), and abnormal body mass index (p=0.020) were associated with macrovascular complications.
Conclusions: Macrovascular and non-ocular microvascular complications are common among children and adolescents with diabetes in southern Ghana and are associated with a long duration of diabetes diagnosis, abnormal body mass index, low HDL cholesterol, and triglyceride levels. Therefore, the early institution of regular screening for diabetes-related complications to allow early detection and appropriate management is recommended.
Funding: University of Ghana Research Fund.
Competing Interests: Conflict of interest: None declared
(Copyright © The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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