A pediatric HIV outbreak in Pakistan.
| Autor: | Hermez J; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Cairo, Egypt., Ismail M; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Cairo, Egypt., Morgan O; World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland., Pasha MS; World Health Organization Pakistan Country Office., Schenkel K; World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland., Doherty M; World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland., Tayyab M; World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland., Abdella YE; World Health Organization Headquarters, Geneva, Switzerland., Sayed MA; Pakistan Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Pakistan., Memon NM; Pakistan Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Program, Pakistan., Asghar RJ; Global Health Strategists and Implementers., Rahim M; World Health Organization Pakistan Country Office., Sheikh S; Sindh AIDS Control Program., Ali H; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., Rabold EM; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., Fontaine R; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention., Hutin Y; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Cairo, Egypt., Hajjeh R; World Health Organization Regional Office for the Eastern Mediterranean Region, Cairo, Egypt. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Eastern Mediterranean health journal = La revue de sante de la Mediterranee orientale = al-Majallah al-sihhiyah li-sharq al-mutawassit [East Mediterr Health J] 2024 Jan 21; Vol. 30 (1), pp. 60-67. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 21. |
| DOI: | 10.26719/emhj.24.002 |
| Abstrakt: | Background: Following reports of an outbreak of HIV infection among children in Larkana District, Pakistan, an international team investigated the extent and cause of the outbreak between April and June 2019. Aims: To investigate the incidence of HIV among children in Larkana District, Pakistan and describe the distribution of cases by time, place and person. Methods: Self-referred persons were tested for HIV using the national testing protocol. Local epidemiology of HIV was reviewed to generate hypotheses. An infection prevention and control (IPC) team conducted site visits and reviewed IPC practices. Results: Between 25 April and 27 June 2019, a total of 30 191 persons were tested for HIV in Larkana District, and 876 of them tested positive. Of those who tested positive, 719 (82%) were children aged <15 years. Traditional skin piercing procedures and transmission from high-risk populations to children were ruled out during the investigation. Informative interviews with parents or guardians of a convenience sample of 211 children aged <15 years showed that 99% of children had an injection or infusion for medical treatment within the past 12 months. Our investigation identified lack of HIV prevalence data for the general population including tuberculosis patients and those who attended antenatal care services. Conclusions: Investigations indicate that unsafe healthcare practices in formal and informal healthcare settings as the most likely cause of the 2019 outbreak of HIV infection in Larkana, Pakistan. Measures should be taken to improve IPC practices at the facility level, especially in pediatric and antenatal care clinics. (Copyright: © Authors 2024; Licensee: World Health Organization. EMHJ is an open access journal. All papers published in EMHJ are available under the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial ShareAlike 3.0 IGO licence (CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 IGO; https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/igo).) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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