Prevalence of Cardiovascular Disease and Risk Factors in Ghana: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Autor:	Doku A; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.; National Cardiothoracic Centre, Korle-Bu Teaching Hospital, Accra, Ghana., Tuglo LS; Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Ho, Ghana.; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Nantong University, 9 Seyuan Road, Nantong, Jiangsu, China., Boima V; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana.; Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands., Agyekum F; Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, University of Ghana Medical School, Accra, Ghana., Aovare P; Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands., Ali Abdulai M; Kintampo Health Research Centre, Research and Development Division, Ghana Health Service, P.O Box 200, Kintampo-B/E, Ghana., Godi A; Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana., Peters RJG; Department of Cardiology, University Amsterdam Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands., Agyemang C; Department of Public and Occupational Health, University of Amsterdam Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Global heart [Glob Heart] 2024 Feb 20; Vol. 19 (1), pp. 21. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 20 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.5334/gh.1307
Abstrakt:	Background: The increasing cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden threatens the global population as the major cause of disability and premature death. Data are scarce on the magnitude of CVD among the population in West Africa, particularly in Ghana. This study examined the available scientific evidence to determine the pooled prevalence (PP) of CVD and risk factors in Ghana. Methods: We searched electronic databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, the Cochrane Library, Science Direct and Africa Journal Online databases to identify literature published from the start of the indexing of the database to 10 th February 2023. All articles published in the English language that assessed the prevalence of CVD or reported on CVD in Ghana were included. Two authors independently performed the study selection, assessed the risk of bias, extracted the data and checked by the third author. The effect sizes and pooled odds ratio (POR) were determined using the random-effects DerSimonian-Laird (DL) model. Result: Sixteen studies with 58912 participants from 1954 to 2022 were included in the meta-analysis. Six studies out of 16 reported more than one prevalence of CVD, giving a total of 59 estimates for PP. The PP of CVD in the general population in Ghana was 10.34% (95% Cl: [8.48, 12.20]; l 2 99.54%, p < 0.001). Based on the subgroup analysis, the prevalence of CVD was higher in hospital-based settings at 10.74% (95%, confidence interval [Cl]: 8.69, 12.79) than in community-based settings at 5.04% (95% Cl: 2.54, 7.53). The risk factors were male gender (pooled odds ratio [POR]: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.70), old age (POR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.21, 1.45), unemployment (POR: 2.62; 95% CI: 1.33, 5.16), diabetes (POR: 2.79; 95% CI: 1.62, 4.81) and hypertension (POR: 3.41; 95% CI: 1.75, 6.66). Conclusion: The prevalence of CVD was high in Ghana. Urgent interventions are needed for the prevention and management of the high burden of CVD and its risk factors. Competing Interests: The authors have no competing interests to declare. (Copyright: © 2024 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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