Prevalence of drifting osteons distinguishes human bone.

Autor: French KM; School of History, Archaeology & Religion, Cardiff University, Cardiff, United Kingdom.; Department of Anthropology, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, United States of America., Mavroudas SR; Forensic Anthropology Center at Texas State, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, United States of America., Dominguez VM; Department of Anthropology, Lehman College-CUNY, Bronx, New York, United States of America.; Department of Anthropology, The Graduate Center-CUNY, New York, New York, United States of America.; New York Consortium in Evolutionary Primatology, New York, New York, United States of America.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Feb 23; Vol. 19 (2), pp. e0298029. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 23 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298029
Abstrakt: The histological, or microscopic, appearance of bone tissue has long been studied to identify species-specific traits. There are several known histological characteristics to discriminate animal bone from human, but currently no histological characteristic that has been consistently identified in human bone exclusive to other mammals. The drifting osteon is a rare morphotype found in human long bones and observationally is typically absent from common mammalian domesticates. We surveyed previously prepared undecalcified histological sections from 25 species (human n = 221; nonhuman primate n = 24; nonprimate n = 169) to see if 1) drifting osteons were indeed more common in humans and 2) this could be a discriminating factor to identify human bone histologically. We conclude that drifting osteons are indeed more prevalent in human and nonhuman primate bone relative to nonprimate mammalian bone. Two criteria identify a rib or long bone fragment as human, assuming the fragment is unlikely to be from a nonhuman primate given the archaeological context: 1) at least two drifting osteons are present in the cross-section and 2) a drifting osteon prevalence (or as a percentage of total secondary osteons) of ≥ 1%. We present a quantitative histological method that can positively discriminate human bone from nonprimate mammalian bone in archaeological contexts.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 French et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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