Sleep apnea and sudden death in the non-cardiac population: A systematic review.

Autor:	Resende Martinez AB; Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso Campus, Bahia, Brazil., Barbosa GR; Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso Campus, Bahia, Brazil., Lopes MR; Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso Campus, Bahia, Brazil. Electronic address: matheuslopesbio@gmail.com., Barbosa RHA; Federal University of Vale do São Francisco (UNIVASF), Paulo Afonso Campus, Bahia, Brazil.
Jazyk:	English; Portuguese
Zdroj:	Revista portuguesa de cardiologia : orgao oficial da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia = Portuguese journal of cardiology : an official journal of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology [Rev Port Cardiol] 2024 May; Vol. 43 (5), pp. 279-290. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 02.
DOI:	10.1016/j.repc.2024.01.003
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases and is associated with both morbidity and mortality. OSA has also been linked to arrhythmias and sudden death. Objective: To assess whether OSA increases the risk of sudden death in the non-cardiac population. Methods: This is a systematic review of the literature. The descriptors "sudden death" and "sleep apnea" and "tachyarrhythmias" and "sleep apnea" were searched in the PubMed/Medline and SciELO databases. Results: Thirteen articles that addressed the relationship between OSA and the development of tachyarrhythmias and/or sudden death with prevalence data, electrocardiographic findings, and a relationship with other comorbidities were selected. The airway obstruction observed in OSA triggers several systemic repercussions, e.g., changes in intrathoracic pressure, intermittent hypoxia, activation of the sympathetic nervous system and chemoreceptors, and release of catecholamines. These mechanisms would be implicated in the appearance of arrhythmogenic factors, which could result in sudden death. Conclusion: There was a cause-effect relationship between OSA and cardiac arrhythmias. In view of the pathophysiology of OSA and its arrhythmogenic role, studies have shown a higher risk of sudden death in individuals who previously had heart disease. On the other hand, there is little evidence about the occurrence of sudden death in individuals with OSA and no heart disease, and OSA is not a risk factor for sudden death in this population. (Copyright © 2024 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Publicado por Elsevier España, S.L.U. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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