Breeding of ornamental orchids with focus on Phalaenopsis: current approaches, tools, and challenges for this century.

Autor: Iiyama CM; Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Department of Biotechnology, Plant and Animal Production, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar), Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, CEP13600-970, Araras, SP, Brazil. carlaiiyama@gmail.com.; Graduate Program in Plant Production and Associated Bioprocesses, CCA/UFSCar, Araras, Brazil. carlaiiyama@gmail.com., Vilcherrez-Atoche JA; Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Department of Biotechnology, Plant and Animal Production, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar), Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, CEP13600-970, Araras, SP, Brazil.; Graduate Program in Plant Production and Associated Bioprocesses, CCA/UFSCar, Araras, Brazil., Germanà MA; Dipartimento Scienze Agrarie, Alimentari e Forestali (SAAF), Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy., Vendrame WA; Environmental Horticulture Department, University of Florida, 2550 Hull Rd., Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA., Cardoso JC; Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Tissue Culture, Department of Biotechnology, Plant and Animal Production, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal de São Carlos (CCA/UFSCar), Rodovia Anhanguera, km 174, CEP13600-970, Araras, SP, Brazil. jeancardoso@ufscar.br.; Graduate Program in Plant Production and Associated Bioprocesses, CCA/UFSCar, Araras, Brazil. jeancardoso@ufscar.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Heredity [Heredity (Edinb)] 2024 Apr; Vol. 132 (4), pp. 163-178. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Feb 02.
DOI: 10.1038/s41437-024-00671-8
Abstrakt: Ornamental orchid breeding programs have been conducted to develop commercially valuable cultivars with improved characteristics of commercial interest, such as size, flower color, pattern, shape, and resistance to pathogens. Conventional breeding, including sexual hybridization followed by selection of desirable characteristics in plants, has so far been the main method for ornamental breeding, but other techniques, including mutation induction by polyploidization and gamma irradiation, and biotechnological techniques, such as genetic transformation, have also been studied and used in ornamental breeding programs. Orchids are one of the most commercially important families in floriculture industry, having very particular reproductive biology characteristics and being a well-studied group of ornamentals in terms of genetic improvement. The present review focuses on the conventional and biotechnological techniques and approaches specially employed in breeding Phalaenopsis orchids, the genus with highest worldwide importance as an ornamental orchid, highlighting the main limitations and strengths of the approaches. Furthermore, new opportunities and future prospects for ornamental breeding in the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing era are also discussed. We conclude that conventional hybridization remains the most used method to obtain new cultivars in orchids. However, the emergence of the first biotechnology-derived cultivars, as well as the new biotechnological tools available, such as CRISPR-Cas9, rekindled the full potential of biotechnology approaches and their importance for improve ornamental orchid breeding programs.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to The Genetics Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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