Risk factors for recognized and unrecognized SARS-CoV-2 infection: a seroepidemiologic analysis of the Prospective Urban Rural Epidemiology (PURE) study.

Autor:	Leong DP; The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Loeb M; Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.; Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence, and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Mony PK; Division of Epidemiology and Population Health, St. John's Research Institute, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India., Rangarajan S; The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Mushtaha M; The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Miller MS; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Dias M; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India., Yegorov S; Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., V M; Department of Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, St. John's Medical College, Bangalore, India., Telci Caklili O; Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey., Temizhan A; Cardiology Department, Ankara Bilkent City Hospital, Ankara, Turkey., Szuba A; Department of Angiology, Hypertension and Diabetology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland., Abat MEM; Department of Medicine, Philippine General Hospital, Manila, Philippines., Mat-Nasir N; Department of Primary Care Medicine, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Petaling Jaya, Malaysia., Diaz ML; Estudios Clinicos Latinamérica (ECLA), Instituto Cardiovascular de Rosario, Rosario, Argentina., Khansaheb H; Dubai Academic Health Corporation, Umm Hurair, Dubai, UAE., Lopez-Jaramillo P; MASIRA Research Institute, Medical School, Universidad de Santander, Bucaramanga, Colombia., Duong M; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Teo KK; The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada., Poirier P; Faculté de pharmacie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada., Oliveira G; Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paolo, Brazil., Avezum Á; Hospital Alemão Oswaldo Cruz, São Paolo, Brazil., Yusuf S; The Population Health Research Institute, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.; Department of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Canada.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Microbiology spectrum [Microbiol Spectr] 2024 Feb 06; Vol. 12 (2), pp. e0149223. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 12.
DOI:	10.1128/spectrum.01492-23
Abstrakt:	There are limited data on individual risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection (including unrecognized infection). In this seroepidemiologic substudy of an ongoing prospective cohort study of community-dwelling adults, participants were thoroughly characterized pre-pandemic. The SARS-CoV-2 infection was ascertained by serology. Among 8,719 participants from 11 high-, middle-, and low-income countries, 3,009 (35%) were seropositive for SARS-CoV-2. Characteristics independently associated with seropositivity were younger age (odds ratio, OR; 95% confidence interval, CI, per five-year increase: 0.95; 0.91-0.98) and body mass index >25 kg/m 2 (OR, 95% CI: 1.16, 1.01-1.34). Smoking (as compared with never smoking, OR, 95% CI: 0.83, 0.70-0.97) and COVID-19 vaccination (OR, 95% CI: 0.70, 0.60-0.82) were associated with a reduced risk of seropositivity. Among seropositive participants, 83% were unaware of having been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Seropositivity and a lack of awareness of infection were more common in lower-income countries. The COVID-19 vaccination reduces the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection (including recognized and unrecognized infections). Overweight or obesity is an independent risk factor for SARS-CoV-2 infection. Infection and lack of infection awareness are more common in lower-income countries.IMPORTANCEIn this large, international study, evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was obtained by testing blood specimens from 8,719 community-dwelling adults from 11 countries. The key findings are that (i) the large majority (83%) of community-dwelling adults from several high-, middle-, and low-income countries with blood test evidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection were unaware of this infection-especially in lower-income countries; and (ii) overweight/obesity predisposes to SARS-CoV-2 infection, while COVID-19 vaccination is associated with a reduced risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. These observations are not attributable to other individual characteristics, highlighting the importance of the COVID-19 vaccination to prevent not only severe infection but possibly any infection. Further research is needed to understand the mechanisms by which overweight/obesity might increase the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Competing Interests: M.L.D. has served on vaccine advisory boards for GSK, Sanofi, Pfizer, Janssen, Novavax, Medicago, Seqirus, and Merck and on Data Safety Monitoring Boards for CanSino Biologic and has received in-kind vaccine from Sanofi and funding from the World Health Organization, the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, and the Medical Research Council UK.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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