White plague among the "forgotten people" from the Barbaricum of the Carpathian Basin-Cases with tuberculosis from the Sarmatian-period (3rd-4th centuries CE) archaeological site of Hódmezővásárhely-Kenyere-ér, Bereczki-tanya (Hungary).

Autor: Spekker O; Ancient and Modern Human Genomics Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Institute of Archaeological Sciences, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Kiss P A; Department of Early Hungarian and Migration Period Archaeology, Pázmány Péter Catholic University, Budapest, Hungary., Kis L; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Department of Archaeogenetics, Institute of Hungarian Research, Budapest, Hungary., Király K; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Department of Archaeology, Móra Ferenc Museum, Szeged, Hungary., Varga S; Department of Archaeology, Móra Ferenc Museum, Szeged, Hungary., Marcsik A; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Schütz O; Department of Archaeogenetics, Institute of Hungarian Research, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Török T; Ancient and Modern Human Genomics Competence Centre, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Department of Archaeogenetics, Institute of Hungarian Research, Budapest, Hungary.; Department of Genetics, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary., Hunt DR; Virginia Office of the Chief Medical Examiner, Northern District, Manassas, Virginia, United States of America., Tihanyi B; Department of Biological Anthropology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary.; Department of Archaeogenetics, Institute of Hungarian Research, Budapest, Hungary.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PloS one [PLoS One] 2024 Jan 10; Vol. 19 (1), pp. e0294762. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 10 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0294762
Abstrakt: Tuberculosis (TB) is a bacterial infection that is well-known in the palaeopathological record because it can affect the skeleton and consequently leaves readily identifiable macroscopic alterations. Palaeopathological case studies provide invaluable information about the spatio-temporal distribution of TB in the past. This is true for those archaeological periods and geographical regions from when and where no or very few TB cases have been published until now-as in the Sarmatian period (1st-5th centuries CE) in the Barbaricum of the Carpathian Basin. The aim of our paper is to discuss five newly discovered TB cases (HK199, HK201, HK225, HK253, and HK309) from the Sarmatian-period archaeological site of Hódmezővásárhely-Kenyere-ér, Bereczki-tanya (Csongrád-Csanád county, Hungary). Detailed macromorphological evaluation of the skeletons focused on the detection of bony changes likely associated with different forms of TB. In all five cases, the presence of endocranial alterations (especially TB-specific granular impressions) suggests that these individuals suffered from TB meningitis. Furthermore, the skeletal lesions observed in the spine and both hip joints of HK225 indicate that this juvenile also had multifocal osteoarticular TB. Thanks to the discovery of HK199, HK201, HK225, HK253, and HK309, the number of TB cases known from the Sarmatian-period Carpathian Basin doubled, implying that the disease was likely more frequent in the Barbaricum than previously thought. Without the application of granular impressions, the diagnosis of TB could not have been established in these five cases. Thus, the identification of TB in these individuals highlights the importance of diagnostics development, especially the refinement of diagnostic criteria. Based on the above, the systematic macromorphological (re-)evaluation of osteoarchaeological series from the Sarmatian-period Carpathian Basin would be advantageous to provide a more accurate picture of how TB may have impacted the ancestral human communities of the Barbaricum.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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