[Postgenomic and structural changes in the myocardia of Wistar rats fed a high-salt diet].

Autor:	Beresneva ON; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Parastaeva MM; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Ivanova GT; Pavlov Institute of Physiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Zaraiskii MI; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Bogdanova EO; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Ognev OG; St. Petersburg State Agrarian University, 196601, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Ivanova AN; St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation., Kucher AG; Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, Ministry of Health of Russian Federation, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation.
Jazyk:	ruština
Zdroj:	Voprosy pitaniia [Vopr Pitan] 2023; Vol. 92 (6), pp. 73-82. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Oct 30.
DOI:	10.33029/0042-8833-2023-92-6-73-82
Abstrakt:	The relationship between dietary sodium, hypertension, and cardiovascular injury is far from clear. One of the important links in this process can be microRNAs that have the ability to modulate gene expression at the post-transcriptional level. However, their role in this process has not been fully studied. In addition, further studies require the identification of structural changes in the myocardium in conditions of long-term consumption of a high-salt diet. The aim of the study was to evaluate the expression levels of nuclear transcription factor κB (NFκB), microRNA (miRNA)-21 and structural changes in the myocardium during long-term consumption of a diet containing 8% (high) sodium chloride in Wistar rats. Material and methods . 20 Wistar rats with initial body weight 280.5±42.7 g were divided into two equal groups. The high salt (HS) group received 8% NaCl in the diet, the control (NS) group received the standard diet (0.34% NaCl). After 4 months, systolic blood pressure was measured in rats using the cuff method on the tail; the myocardial mass index was assessed after dissection; histological and electron microscopic examination of the myocardium was performed, and the expression levels of miRNA-21 and NFκB in the myocardium were determined. Results and discussion. Consumption of a diet high in sodium chloride for 4 months did not significantly affect the level of systolic blood pressure in normotensive Wistar rats, but led to an increase in myocardial mass index by 25.0% (p<0.05). In the HS group, hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes and an increase in the wall thickness of arterial vessels were revealed. The area of perivascular fibrosis in rats of the HS-group was almost 1.8 fold higher than in the NS-group. In animals of HS-group, the relative levels of expression of NFκB (more than 2 times) and miRNA-21 (almost 6 times) increased compared with the control. It can be assumed that the negative impact on the cardiovascular system of high-salt diets is partially realized through NFκB-associated signaling pathways and miRNA-21 activation. Conclusion . In Wistar rats, long-term use of a high-salt diet results in myocardial remodeling that is not associated with changes in blood pressure. At the same time, the adverse effects of high salt intake on the myocardium are mediated, in particular, by postgenomic mechanisms, namely an increase in the expression levels of NFκB and microRNA-21. Competing Interests: Authors declare no conflict of interest. (Copyright© GEOTAR-Media Publishing Group.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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