A review of aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials for analytical sample preparation: Classification according to the utilized nanomaterials.

Autor: Uğurlu Ö; Department of Medical Services and Techniques, Hatay Vocational School of Health Services, Hatay Mustafa Kemal University, Tayfur Sökmen Campus, 31060, Alahan-Antakya, Hatay, Turkey; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey., Man E; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey; EGE SCIENCE PRO Scientific Research Inc., Ege University, IdeEGE Technology Development Zone, 35100, İzmir, Turkey., Gök O; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey., Ülker G; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey., Soytürk H; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey., Özyurt C; Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Lapseki Vocational School, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale, Turkey., Evran S; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, 35100, İzmir, Turkey. Electronic address: serap.evran@ege.edu.tr.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Analytica chimica acta [Anal Chim Acta] 2024 Jan 25; Vol. 1287, pp. 342001. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 07.
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.342001
Abstrakt: Background: Sample extraction before detection is a critical step in analysis. Since targets of interest are often found in complex matrices, the sample can not be directly introduced to the analytical instrument. Nanomaterials with unique physical-chemical properties are excellent supports for use in sorbent-based extraction. However, they lack selectivity and thus need to be functionalized with target-capturing molecules. Antibodies and molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) can be used for this purpose, but they have some problems that limit their practical applications. Hence, functionalization of nanomaterials for selectivity remains a problem.
Results: Nucleic acid aptamers are affinity reagents that can provide superiority to antibodies since they can be selected in vitro and at a lower cost. Moreover, aptamers can be chemically synthesized and easily modified with different functional groups. Hence, aptamers are good candidates to impart selectivity to the nanomaterials. Recent studies focus on the integration of aptamers with magnetic nanoparticles, carbon-based nanomaterials, metal-organic frameworks, gold nanoparticles, gold nanorods, silica nanomaterials, and nanofibers. The unique properties of nanomaterials and aptamers make the aptamer-conjugated nanomaterials attractive for use in sample preparation. Aptamer-functionalized nanomaterials have been successfully used for selective extraction of proteins, small molecules, and cells from different types of complex samples such as serum, urine, and milk. In particular, magnetic nanoparticles have a wider use due to the rapid extraction of the sample under magnetic field.
Significance: In this review, we aim to emphasize how beneficial features of nanomaterials and aptamers could be combined for extraction or enrichment of the analytes from complex samples. We aim to highlight that the benefits are twofold in terms of selectivity and efficiency when employing nanomaterials and aptamers together as a single platform.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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