Scaling down the dimensions of a Fabry-Perot polymer film acoustic sensor for photoacoustic endoscopy.

Autor:	Li T; University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Chang TS; University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Shirazi A; University of Michigan, Division of Integrative Systems and Design, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Wu X; University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Lin WK; University of Michigan, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Zhang R; University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Guo JL; University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.; University of Michigan, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.; University of Michigan, Department of Macromolecular Science and Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.; University of Michigan, Department of Applied Physics, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Oldham KR; University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States., Wang TD; University of Michigan, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.; University of Michigan, Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.; University of Michigan, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ann Arbor, Michigan, United States.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of biomedical optics [J Biomed Opt] 2024 Jan; Vol. 29 (Suppl 1), pp. S11514. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jan 02.
DOI:	10.1117/1.JBO.29.S1.S11514
Abstrakt:	Significance: A Fabry-Perot (FP) polymer film sensor can be used to detect acoustic waves in a photoacoustic endoscope (PAE) if the dimensions can be adequately scaled down in size. Current FP sensors have limitations in size, sensitivity, and array configurability. Aim: We aim to characterize and demonstrate the imaging performance of a miniature FP sensor to evaluate the effects of reduced size and finite dimensions. Approach: A transfer matrix model was developed to characterize the frequency response of a multilayer miniature FP sensor. An analytical model was derived to describe the effects of a substrate with finite thickness. Finite-element analysis was performed to characterize the temporal response of a sensor with finite dimensions. Miniature 2 × 2    mm 2 FP sensors were designed and fabricated using gold films as reflective mirrors on either side of a parylene C film deposited on a glass wafer. A single-wavelength laser was used to interrogate the sensor using illumination delivered by fiber subprobes. Imaging phantoms were used to verify FP sensor performance, and in vivo images of blood vessels were collected from a live mouse. Results: The finite thickness substrate of the FP sensor resulted in echoes in the time domain signal that could be removed by back filtering. The substrate acted as a filter in the frequency domain. The finite lateral sensor dimensions produced side waves that could be eliminated by surface averaging using an interrogation beam with adequate diameter. The fabricated FP sensor produced a noise-equivalent pressure = 0.76 kPa, bandwidth of 16.6 MHz, a spectral full-width at-half-maximum = 0.2886 nm, and quality factor Q = 2694 . Photoacoustic images were collected from phantoms and blood vessels in a live mouse. Conclusions: A miniature wafer-based FP sensor design has been demonstrated with scaled down form factor for future use in PAE. (© 2024 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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