Breakthrough SARS-COV-2 infection induces broad anti-viral T cell immunity.

Autor:	Lineburg KE; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Crooks P; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Raju J; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Le Texier L; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Khaledi P; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Berry K; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Swaminathan S; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Panikkar A; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Rehan S; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Guppy-Coles K; Cardiology, Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital, Metro North Hospital and Health Services, Queensland Health, QLD 4006, Australia., Neller MA; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Khanna R; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia., Smith C; QIMR Berghofer Centre for Immunotherapy and Vaccine Development and Translational and Human Immunology Laboratory, Infection and Inflammation Program, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.; Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD 4006, Australia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	IScience [iScience] 2023 Nov 14; Vol. 26 (12), pp. 108474. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 14 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1016/j.isci.2023.108474
Abstrakt:	Vaccines have curtailed the devastation wrought by COVID-19. Nevertheless, emerging variants result in a high incidence of breakthrough infections. Here we assess the impact of vaccination and breakthrough infection on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) T cell immunity. We demonstrate that COVID-19 vaccination induces robust spike-specific T cell responses that, within the CD4 + compartment, display comparable IFN-γ responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection without vaccination. Vaccine-induced CD8 + IFN-γ responses however, were significantly greater than those primed by SARS-CoV-2 infection alone. This increased responsiveness is associated with induction of novel HLA-restricted CD8 + T cell epitopes not primed by infection alone (without vaccination). Despite these augmented responses, breakthrough infection still induced de novo T cell responses against additional SARS-CoV-2 CD8 + epitopes that display HLA-associated immunodominance hierarchies consistent with those in unvaccinated COVID-19 convalescent individuals. This study demonstrates the unique modulation of anti-viral T cell responses against multiple viral antigens following consecutive yet distinct priming events in COVID-19 vaccination and breakthrough infection. Competing Interests: The authors report no competing interests. (© 2023 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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