Sustainable environmental practices of tea waste-a comprehensive review.

Autor: Seth D; Department of Food Process Engineering, National Institute of Technology Rourkela, Rourkela, Odisha, 769008, India., Athparia M; Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India., Singh A; Department of Scientific and Industrial Research (DSIR), Ministry of Science and Technology, Government of India, Technology Bhawan, New Mehrauli Road, New Delhi, 110016, India., Rathore D; School of Environment and Sustainable Development, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar, 382030, Gujarat, India., Venkatramanan V; Department of Environmental Studies, Indira Gandhi National Open University, New Delhi, 110068, India., Channashettar V; Environmental and Industrial Biotechnology Division, The Energy and Resources Institute, Lodhi Road, New Delhi, 110003, India., Prasad S; Division of Environment Science, ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110012, India., Maddirala S; Environmental Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India., Sevda S; Environmental Bioprocess Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, 506004, Telangana, India., Kataki R; Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur, 784028, Assam, India. rupam@tezu.ernet.in.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental science and pollution research international [Environ Sci Pollut Res Int] 2023 Nov 22. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 22.
DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30848-3
Abstrakt: Tea, the major beverage worldwide, is one of the oldest commercial commodities traded from ancient times. Apart from many of its advantages, including health, socio-economic, climatic, and agro-ecological values, FAO has recognized that the tea value chain covering its growth in the field, processing and marketing, and finally, the hot cup at the user's hand needs to be made sustainable during all these stages. Tea generates a lot of waste in different forms in different stages of its growth and processing, and these wastes, if not managed properly, may cause environmental pollution. A planned utilization of these wastes as feedstocks for various processes can generate more income, create rural livelihood opportunities, help grow tea environmentally sustainable, avoid GHG emissions, and make a real contribution to SDGs. Thermochemical and biological conversion of tea wastes generates value-added products. This review provides an overview on the impacts of the tea wastes on the environment, tea waste valorization processes, and applications of value-added products. The application of value-added products for energy generation, wastewater treatment, soil conditioners, adsorbents, biofertilizers, food additives, dietary supplements, animal feed bioactive chemicals, dye, colourant, and phytochemicals has been reviewed. Further, the challenges in sustainable utilization of tea wastes and opportunities for commercial exploitation of value-added products from tea wastes have been reviewed.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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