The neurohypophyseal hormone oxytocin and eating behaviors: a narrative review.

Autor: Iovino M; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., Messana T; Infantile Neuropsychiatry, IRCCS - Institute of Neurological Sciences, Bologna, Italy., Marucci S; Università Campus Biomedico, Dip. 'Scienze e Tecnologie per l'Uomo e l'ambiente', Via Alvaro del Portillo, 21, Roma, Italy., Triggiani D; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., Giagulli VA; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., Guastamacchia E; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., Piazzolla G; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., De Pergola G; National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS 'Saverio de Bellis', Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte, Bari, Italy.; Department of Biomedical Science and Human Oncology, University of Bari, School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy., Lisco G; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy. giuseppe.lisco@uniba.it., Triggiani V; Interdisciplinary Department of Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine, Geriatrics, Endocrinology and Rare Diseases, University of Bari 'Aldo Moro', School of Medicine, Bari, Apulia, Italy.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Hormones (Athens, Greece) [Hormones (Athens)] 2024 Mar; Vol. 23 (1), pp. 15-23. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 18.
DOI: 10.1007/s42000-023-00505-y
Abstrakt: Background: The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) is crucial in several conditions, such as lactation, parturition, mother-infant interaction, and psychosocial function. Moreover, OT may be involved in the regulation of eating behaviors.
Methods: This review briefly summarizes data concerning the role of OT in eating behaviors. Appropriate keywords and medical subject headings were identified and searched for in PubMed/MEDLINE. References of original articles and reviews were screened, examined, and selected.
Results: Hypothalamic OT-secreting neurons project to different cerebral areas controlling eating behaviors, such as the amygdala, area postrema, nucleus of the solitary tract, and dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve. Intracerebral/ventricular OT administration decreases food intake and body weight in wild and genetically obese rats. OT may alter food intake and the quality of meals, especially carbohydrates and sweets, in humans.
Discussion: OT may play a role in the pathophysiology of eating disorders with potential therapeutic perspectives. In obese patients and those with certain eating disorders, such as bulimia nervosa or binge/compulsive eating, OT may reduce appetite and caloric consumption. Conversely, OT administered to patients with anorexia nervosa may paradoxically stimulate appetite, possibly by lowering anxiety which usually complicates the management of these patients. Nevertheless, OT administration (e.g., intranasal route) is not always associated with clinical benefit, probably because intranasally administered OT fails to achieve therapeutic intracerebral levels of the hormone.
Conclusion: OT administration could play a therapeutic role in managing eating disorders and disordered eating. However, specific studies are needed to clarify this issue with regard to dose-finding and route and administration time.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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