Occurrence of Aspergillus fumigatus azole resistance in soils from Switzerland.

Autor:	Schürch S; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Gindro K; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Schnee S; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Dubuis PH; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Codina JM; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Wilhelm M; Plant Protection Research Division, Mycology Group, Agroscope, 1260 Nyon, Switzerland., Riat A; Service of Infectious Diseases and Service of Laboratory Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Geneva University, 1205 Geneva, Switzerland., Lamoth F; Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.; Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland., Sanglard D; Institute of Microbiology, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Medical mycology [Med Mycol] 2023 Nov 06; Vol. 61 (11).
DOI:	10.1093/mmy/myad110
Abstrakt:	Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungal species causing diverse diseases in humans. The use of azoles for treatments of A. fumigatus diseases has resulted in azole resistance. Azoles are also widely used in the environment for crop protection, which resulted in azole resistance. Resistance is primarily due to mutations in cyp51A, which encodes the target protein for azoles. Here we addressed the occurrence of azole resistance in soils from a vast part of Switzerland. We aimed to associate the use of azoles in the environment with the occurrence of azole resistance. We targeted sample sites from different agricultural environments as well as sites with no agricultural practice (natural sites and urban sites). Starting from 327 sites, 113 A. fumigatus isolates were recovered (2019-2021), among which 19 were azole-resistant (15 with TR34/L98H and four with TR46/Y121F/T289A resistance mutations in cyp51A). Our results show that azole resistance was not associated with a specific agricultural practice. Azoles could be chemically detected in investigated soils, however, their presence was not associated with the occurrence of azole-resistant isolates. Interestingly, genetic markers of resistance to other fungicides were detected but only in azole-resistant isolates, thus reinforcing the notion that A. fumigatus cross-resistance to fungicides has an environmental origin. In conclusion, this study reveals the spreading of azole resistance in A. fumigatus from the environment in Switzerland. The proximity of agricultural areas to urban centers may facilitate the transmission of resistant strains to at-risk populations. Thus, vigilant surveillance is required to maintain effective treatment options for aspergillosis. (© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The International Society for Human and Animal Mycology.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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