Multiple parallel origins of parasitic Marine Alveolates.

Autor: Holt CC; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. corey.holt@ubc.ca.; Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada. corey.holt@ubc.ca., Hehenberger E; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. elisabeth.hehenberger@paru.cas.cz.; Institute of Parasitology, Biology Centre Czech Academy of Sciences, České Budějovice, Czech Republic. elisabeth.hehenberger@paru.cas.cz., Tikhonenkov DV; Papanin Institute for Biology of Inland Waters, Russian Academy of Sciences, Borok, Russia.; AquaBioSafe Laboratory, University of Tyumen, Tyumen, Russia., Jacko-Reynolds VKL; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada., Okamoto N; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada., Cooney EC; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Hakai Institute, Heriot Bay, British Columbia, Canada., Irwin NAT; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.; Merton College, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK., Keeling PJ; Department of Botany, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. pkeeling@mail.ubc.ca.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2023 Nov 03; Vol. 14 (1), pp. 7049. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Nov 03.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42807-0
Abstrakt: Microbial eukaryotes are important components of marine ecosystems, and the Marine Alveolates (MALVs) are consistently both abundant and diverse in global environmental sequencing surveys. MALVs are dinoflagellates that are thought to be parasites of other protists and animals, but the lack of data beyond ribosomal RNA gene sequences from all but a few described species means much of their biology and evolution remain unknown. Using single-cell transcriptomes from several MALVs and their free-living relatives, we show that MALVs evolved independently from two distinct, free-living ancestors and that their parasitism evolved in parallel. Phylogenomics shows one subgroup (MALV-II and -IV, or Syndiniales) is related to a novel lineage of free-living, eukaryovorous predators, the eleftherids, while the other (MALV-I, or Ichthyodinida) is related to the free-living predator Oxyrrhis and retains proteins targeted to a non-photosynthetic plastid. Reconstructing the evolution of photosynthesis, plastids, and parasitism in early-diverging dinoflagellates shows a number of parallels with the evolution of their apicomplexan sisters. In both groups, similar forms of parasitism evolved multiple times and photosynthesis was lost many times. By contrast, complete loss of the plastid organelle is infrequent and, when this does happen, leaves no residual genes.
(© 2023. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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