Toxins from harmful algal blooms: How copper and iron render chalkophore a predictor of microcystin production.

Autor: Li B; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China., Zhang X; Institute of Environmental Processes and Pollution Control, and School of Environmental and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China., Wu G; Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, University of Liverpool, Brownlow Hill, Liverpool, L69 7ZX, UK; Department of Biological Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong-Liverpool University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215123, China., Qin B; Taihu Laboratory for Lake Ecosystem Research, State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, 210008, China., Tefsen B; Microbiology, Department of Biology, Utrecht University, Padualaan 8, 3584 CH, Utrecht, the Netherlands; Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA. Electronic address: boris.tefsen@ronininstitute.org., Wells M; Ronin Institute, 127 Haddon Place, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA; Meadows Center for Water and the Environment, Texas State University, San Marcos, Texas, 78666, USA. Electronic address: mona.wells@ronininstitute.org.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Water research [Water Res] 2023 Oct 01; Vol. 244, pp. 120490. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 14.
DOI: 10.1016/j.watres.2023.120490
Abstrakt: Research on harmful algal blooms has focused on macronutrients, yet recent research increasingly indicates that understanding micronutrient roles is also important in the development of effective environmental management interventions. Here, we report results on metallophore production from mesocosms amended with copper and iron (enzymatic co-factors in photosynthetic electron transport) to probe questions of how cyanobacteria navigate the divide between copper nutrition, copper toxicity, and issues with iron bioavailability. These experiments utilized Microcystis, Chlorella and Desmodesmus spp., in mono- and mixed-cultures in lake water from a large, hypereutrophic lake (Taihu, China). To initiate experiments, copper and iron amendments were added to mesocosms containing algae that had been acclimated to achieve a state of copper and iron limitation. Mesocosms were analyzed over time for a range of analytes including algal growth parameters, algal assemblage progression, copper/iron concentrations and biomolecule production of chalkophore, siderophore and total microcystins. Community Trajectory Analysis and other multivariate methods were used for analysis resulting in our findings: 1) Microcystis spp. manage copper/iron requirements though a dynamically phased behavior of chalkophore/siderophore production according to their copper and iron limitation status (chalkophore correlates with Cu concentration, R 2  = 0.99, and siderophore correlates with the sum of Cu and Fe concentrations, R 2  = 0.98). 2) A strong correlation was observed between the production of chalkophore and the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin (R 2  = 0.76)-Chalkophore is a predictor of microcystin production. 3) Based on our results and literature, we posit that Microcystis spp. produces microcystin in response to copper/iron availability to manage photosystem productivity and effect an energy-saving status. Results from this work underscore the importance of micronutrients in influencing harmful algal bloom progression and represents a major advance in understanding the ecological function for the cyanobacterial toxin microcystin as a hallmark of micronutrient limitation stress.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023. Published by Elsevier Ltd.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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