Predicting sediment yield on different landuse surfaces in Calabar River Catchment, Nigeria.

Autor:	Abua MA; Department of Geography and Environmental Science, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Igelle EI; Department of Environmental Resource Management, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Eneyo VB; Department of Tourism Studies, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Abali TP; Department of Geography and Environmental Management, Rivers State University, Nkpolu, Port Harcourt, Nigeria., Akpan NA; Department of Environmental Education, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Archibong EP; Department of Social Work, University of Calabar, Nigeria., Abdelrahman K; Department of Geology and Geophysics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia., Fnais MS; Department of Geology and Geophysics, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia., Andráš P; Faculty of Natural Sciences, Matej Bel University in BanskaBystrica, Tajovského 40, 974 01, BanskaBystrica, Slovakia., Eldosouky AM; Geology Department, Faculty of Science, Suez University, Suez, 43518, Egypt.; Academy of Scientific Research & Technology, Cairo, Egypt.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2023 Aug 09; Vol. 9 (8), pp. e19071. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 09 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e19071
Abstrakt:	This study predicts sediment yield on various landuse surfaces within the Calabar River Catchment, Nigeria. Five experimental plots of 31 by 23 cm (representing urban, farm, grass, bare, and forest surfaces) were established on a convex slope series with a 20% gradient, oriented along the slope strike. Rainfall, morphological, and hydraulic stations were derived for each plot. Multiple regressions and Factor analysis were employed to analyse the collected data. The research identifies critical factors influencing sediment yield, such as rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, slope gradient, slope length, sand, silt, clay, vegetation cover, and infiltration capacity. The results (p < 0.05) indicate that slope length, sand, silt, clay, infiltration capacity, and vegetation cover significantly influence sediment yield for urban, farmland, grassland, and bare surfaces, respectively. Factor analysis revealed strong correlations between sediment yield, silt, rainfall amount, rainfall intensity, and slope gradient. Case-wise diagnostics predictions indicate sediment yields for urban, bare, farm, grass, and vegetation-covered surfaces as 14.95 kg, 33.91 kg, 28.78 kg, 33.50 kg, and 5.66 kg, respectively. The regression model, with case-wise diagnostic residual statistics and standard prediction coefficients, provides valuable insights. For example, the forest surface exhibited a minimum sediment yield of -1.413 kg/m 2 with each unit decrease in forest area, emphasising the significance of vegetation cover in sediment retention. Conversely, bare surfaces showed a maximum sediment yield of 0.843 kg/m 2 with each unit increase in bare surface area, highlighting their heightened vulnerability to sediment erosion. Considering the implications of these findings, the development of urban master plans that incorporate well-designed landscaping and drainage systems is crucial, particularly in high rainfall catchments like the study area. Such measures can effectively mitigate sediment yield and address the adverse effects of land use changes on different surfaces. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (© 2023 The Authors.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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