First molecular detection of Babesia vulpes and Babesia capreoli in wild boars from southern Italy.

Autor:	Sgroi G; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., D'Alessio N; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy.; Osservatorio Faunistico Venatorio-Campania Region, Naples, Italy., Auriemma C; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Salant H; Koret School of Veterinary Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Rehovot, Israel., Gallo A; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Riccardi MG; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Alfano F; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Rea S; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Scarcelli S; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., Ottaviano M; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy., De Martinis C; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Fusco G; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Lucibelli MG; Department of Animal Health, Experimental Zooprophylactic Institute of Southern Italy, Portici, Italy., Veneziano V; Osservatorio Faunistico Venatorio-Campania Region, Naples, Italy.; Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Productions, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in veterinary science [Front Vet Sci] 2023 Aug 07; Vol. 10, pp. 1201476. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Aug 07 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fvets.2023.1201476
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Following the increase of wild boar ( Sus scrofa ) populations in Europe, a potential risk of emerging infections by vector-borne pathogens may occur. Despite this, the circulation of piroplasmid species in these ungulates is still a neglected topic, particularly in the Mediterranean basin. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the presence of Babesia / Theileria spp. in wild boars from southern Italy to assess the epidemiological role of these ungulates in the circulation of piroplasmids. Methods: By using a citizen science approach among hunters and veterinarians, wild boar spleen samples were collected in the Campania region (southern Italy) between 2016 and 2022. A combined semi-nested PCR/sequencing analysis targeting the V4 hyper-variable region of 18S rRNA was run to detect Babesia / Theileria spp. DNA. Results: Out of 243 boars, 15 (i.e., 6.2, 95% CI: 3.4-9.9) tested positive to Babesia / Theileria spp., Babesia vulpes ( n = 13, 5.3, 95% CI: 3.1-8.9) the most prevalent, followed by Babesia capreoli ( n = 2, 0.8, 95% CI: 0.2-2.9). Three different B. vulpes sequence types were identified (i.e., ST1, ST2, ST3), with the most representative as ST1 (60%), and a single B. capreoli sequence type. No statistically significant difference ( p > 0.05) were found between the presence of the pathogens and boar age, sex, province and sample collection year. Discussion: Data demonstrate for the first time the occurrence of B. vulpes and B. capreoli in wild boars, which may play a role in the biological cycle of piroplasmids. We emphasize the importance of monitoring these ungulates to prevent potential foci of infection . The engagement of hunters in epidemiological scientifically based surveys can constitute a technically sound control strategy of piroplasmids in a One Health perspective. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Sgroi, D’Alessio, Auriemma, Salant, Gallo, Riccardi, Alfano, Rea, Scarcelli, Ottaviano, De Martinis, Fusco, Lucibelli and Veneziano.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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