The therapeutic potential of opioids in narcolepsy type 1: A systematic literature review and questionnaire study.

Autor: Gool JK; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands; Anatomy&Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Electronic address: J.gool@amsterdamumc.nl., van Heese EM; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Anatomy&Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands; Compulsivity, Impulsivity and Attention, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Schinkelshoek MS; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands., Remmerswaal A; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands., Lammers GJ; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands., van Dijk KD; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Amsterdam UMC location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Netherlands., Fronczek R; Sleep-Wake Center, Stichting Epilepsie Instellingen Nederland (SEIN), Heemstede, Netherlands; Department of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Centre, Leiden, Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Sleep medicine [Sleep Med] 2023 Sep; Vol. 109, pp. 118-127. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 26.
DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2023.06.008
Abstrakt: Objective: Narcolepsy type 1 is a primary sleep disorder caused by deficient hypocretin transmission leading to excessive daytime sleepiness and cataplexy. Opioids have been suggested to increase the number of hypocretin-producing neurons. We aimed to assess opioid use and its self-reported effect on narcolepsy type 1 symptom severity through a literature review and questionnaire study.
Methods: We systematically reviewed literature on opioid use in narcolepsy. We also recruited 100 people with narcolepsy type 1 who completed an online questionnaire on opioid use in the previous three years. The main questionnaire topics were the indication for use, and the possible effects on narcolepsy symptom severity. Structured follow-up interviews were conducted when opioid use was reported.
Results: The systematic literature review mainly showed improvements in narcolepsy symptom severity. Recent opioid use was reported by 16/100 questionnaire respondents, who had used 20 opioids (codeine: 7/20, tramadol: 6/20, oxycodone: 6/20, fentanyl: 1/20). Narcolepsy symptom changes were reported in 11/20. Positive effects on disturbed nocturnal sleep (9/20), excessive daytime sleepiness (4/20), hypnagogic hallucinations (3/17), cataplexy (2/18), and sleep paralysis (1/13) were most pronounced for oxycodone (4/6) and codeine (4/7).
Conclusions: Opioids were relatively frequently used compared to a similarly young general Dutch sample. Oxycodone and, to a lesser extent, codeine were associated with self-reported narcolepsy symptom severity improvements. Positive changes in disturbed nocturnal sleep and daytime sleepiness were most frequently reported, while cataplexy effects were less pronounced. Randomised controlled trials are now needed to verify the potential of opioids as therapeutic agents for narcolepsy.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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