Biological Oxygen-dosed Activated Carbon (BODAC) filters - A bioprocess for ultrapure water production removing organics, nutrients and micropollutants.

Autor: Bernadet O; Wetsus, Center of European Excellence in Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands; Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, the Netherlands., Larasati A; Wetsus, Center of European Excellence in Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands., van Veelen HPJ; Wetsus, Center of European Excellence in Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands., Euverink GJW; Engineering and Technology Institute Groningen (ENTEG), University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, the Netherlands. Electronic address: g.j.w.euverink@rug.nl., Gagliano MC; Wetsus, Center of European Excellence in Water Technology, Oostergoweg 9, 8911 MA Leeuwarden, the Netherlands.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of hazardous materials [J Hazard Mater] 2023 Sep 15; Vol. 458, pp. 131882. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jun 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131882
Abstrakt: Biological oxygen-dosed activated carbon (BODAC) filters in an Ultrapure water plant were demonstrated to have the potential to further treat secondary wastewater treatment effluent. The BODAC filters were operated for 11 years without carbon regeneration or replacement, while still functioning as pre-treatment step to reverse osmosis (RO) membranes by actively removing organic micropollutants (OMPs) and foulants. In this study, the removal of nutrients and 13 OMPs from secondary wastewater treatment effluent was investigated for 2 years and simultaneously, the granules' characterization and microbial community analysis were conducted to gain insights behind the stable long-term operation of the BODAC filters. The results showed that the BODAC granules' surface area was reduced by ∼70 % of what is in virgin carbon granules and covered by biofilm and inorganic depositions. The BODAC filters reduced the concentration of soluble organics, mainly proteins, performed as an effective nitrification system, and almost completely removed manganese. During the 2 years of observation, the filters consistently removed some OMPs such as hydrochlorothiazide, metoprolol, sotalol, and trimethoprim by at least 70 %. Finally, through microbial community analysis, we found that nitrifying and manganese-oxidizing bacteria were detected in high relative abundance on BODAC granules, supporting BODAC performance in removing OMPs and manganese as well as converting nitrogenous species in the water.
Competing Interests: Declaration of Competing Interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2023 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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