Development and optimization of natural deep eutectic solvent-based dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction coupled with UPLC-UV for simultaneous determination of parabens in personal care products: evaluation of the eco-friendliness level of the developed method.

Autor:	Alqarni AM; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia amalqarni@iau.edu.sa., Mostafa A; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia amalqarni@iau.edu.sa., Shaaban H; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia amalqarni@iau.edu.sa., Gomaa MS; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia amalqarni@iau.edu.sa., Albashrayi D; College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia., Hasheeshi B; College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia., Bakhashwain N; College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia., Aseeri A; College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1982 Dammam 31441 Saudi Arabia., Alqarni A; Medical Laboratory Department, National Guard Health Affairs AlAhsa Saudi Arabia., Alamri AA; Armed Forces Health Rehabilitation Center, Ministry of Defense for Health Services Taif Saudi Arabia., Alrofaidi MA; Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Clinical Pharmacy, Al Baha University King Faisal Road, P.O. Box 1988 Al-Baha Saudi Arabia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	RSC advances [RSC Adv] 2023 Apr 28; Vol. 13 (19), pp. 13183-13194. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 28 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.1039/d3ra00769c
Abstrakt:	Dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (DLLME) combined with ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector (UHPLC-DAD) method has been developed and validated for the determination of parabens in personal care products. In this study, a natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) composed of menthol and formic acid at a molar ratio of 1 : 2 was prepared and used as an extraction solvent. The influencing variables on the extraction efficiency such as extraction solvent type and volume, composition of NADES, salt addition, vortex and centrifugation time were investigated. The proposed method exhibited good linearity with determination coefficients of ≥0.9992. The relative recoveries for the studied analytes ranged from 82.19 to 102.45%. Limits of detection and limits of quantification were in the range of 0.17-0.33 ng mL -1 and 0.51-0.99 ng mL -1 , respectively. To evaluate the applicability of the developed method, it was successfully applied to determine four parabens in personal care products. Additionally, the eco-friendliness level of the presented method was evaluated using Eco-Scale Assessment, Green Analytical Procedure Index and Analytical GREEnness metric. The developed method is simple, environmentally friendly and cost effective and it could be employed for determination of parabens in personal care products without harming the environment. Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper. (This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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