Gut microbiota and oleoylethanolamide in the regulation of intestinal homeostasis.

Autor:	De Filippo C; Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy., Costa A; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy., Becagli MV; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy., Monroy MM; Istituto di Biologia e Biotecnologia Agraria, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, Pisa, Italy., Provensi G; Dipartimento di Neurofarba, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy., Passani MB; Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università di Firenze, Firenze, Italy.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in endocrinology [Front Endocrinol (Lausanne)] 2023 Apr 05; Vol. 14, pp. 1135157. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Apr 05 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fendo.2023.1135157
Abstrakt:	A vast literature strongly suggests that the endocannabinoid (eCB) system and related bioactive lipids (the paracannabinoid system) contribute to numerous physiological processes and are involved in pathological conditions such as obesity, type 2 diabetes, and intestinal inflammation. The gut paracannabinoid system exerts a prominent role in gut physiology as it affects motility, permeability, and inflammatory responses. Another important player in the regulation of host metabolism is the intestinal microbiota, as microorganisms are indispensable to protect the intestine against exogenous pathogens and potentially harmful resident microorganisms. In turn, the composition of the microbiota is regulated by intestinal immune responses. The intestinal microbial community plays a fundamental role in the development of the innate immune system and is essential in shaping adaptive immunity. The active interplay between microbiota and paracannabinoids is beginning to appear as potent regulatory system of the gastrointestinal homeostasis. In this context, oleoylethanolamide (OEA), a key component of the physiological systems involved in the regulation of dietary fat consumption, energy homeostasis, intestinal motility, and a key factor in modulating eating behavior, is a less studied lipid mediator. In the small intestine namely duodenum and jejunum, levels of OEA change according to the nutrient status as they decrease during food deprivation and increase upon refeeding. Recently, we and others showed that OEA treatment in rodents protects against inflammatory events and changes the intestinal microbiota composition. In this review, we briefly define the role of OEA and of the gut microbiota in intestinal homeostasis and recapitulate recent findings suggesting an interplay between OEA and the intestinal microorganisms. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The reviewer LO declared a past co-authorship with the authors MP and CF to the Handling Editor. (Copyright © 2023 De Filippo, Costa, Becagli, Monroy, Provensi and Passani.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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