Role of previous systemic antibiotic therapy on the probability of recurrence after an initial episode of Clostridioides difficile infection treated with vancomycin.

Autor: Merchante N; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Herrero R; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Valverde-Fredet MD; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Rodríguez-Fernández M; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Pinagorte H; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain., Martínez-Marcos FJ; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosa, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain., Gil-Anguita C; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Marina Baixa, Villajoyosa, Spain., García-López M; Servico de Medicina Interna, Hospital Vega Baja, Orihuela, Spain., Tasias Pitarch M; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain., Abril López De Medrano V; Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Consorcio Hospitalario General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain., Navarrete Lorite MN; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Universitario Virgen Macarena. Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla. Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS)/CSIC, Sevilla, Spain., Gómez-Ayerbe C; CIBER de Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain., León E; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., González-De La Aleja P; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain., Ruiz Castillo A; Servicio Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain., Aller AI; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Rodríguez JC; Servicio Microbiología, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain., Ternero Fonseca J; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain., Corzo JE; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Naranjo Pérez A; Servicio de Aparato Digestivo, Hospital Universitario Juan Ramón Jiménez, Huelva, Spain., Trigo-Rodríguez M; Unidad Clínica de Enfermedades Infecciosas y Microbiología, Hospital Universitario de Valme, Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBiS), Universidad de Sevilla, Avenida de Bellavista s/n, 41014, Sevilla, Spain., Merino E; Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital General Universitario Dr. Balmis, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Alicante (ISABIAL), Alicante, Spain.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: JAC-antimicrobial resistance [JAC Antimicrob Resist] 2023 Mar 23; Vol. 5 (2), pp. dlad033. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 23 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI: 10.1093/jacamr/dlad033
Abstrakt: Objectives: To investigate the role of previous antibiotic therapy in the risk of recurrence after a Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI) treated with vancomycin.
Methods: Multicentre observational study. Patients with a CDI episode achieving clinical cure with oral vancomycin and followed up 8 weeks were included. Previous antibiotic exposure up to 90 days was collected. Multivariate analysis of predictors of recurrence adjusted by the propensity score (PS) of being previously treated with each non-CDI antibiotic was performed.
Results: Two hundred and forty-one patients were included; 216 (90%) had received systemic antibiotics. Fifty-three patients (22%) had a CDI recurrence. Rates of recurrence were lower in those treated with piperacillin/tazobactam in the last month when compared with those not receiving piperacillin/tazobactam [3 (7%) versus 50 (25%); P  = 0.01], whereas higher rates were seen in those treated with cephalosporins in the last month [26/87 (30%) versus 27/154 (17%); P  = 0.03]. In multivariate analysis controlled by the inverse probability of treatment weighting by PS, receiving ≥ 5 days of piperacillin/tazobactam in the last month as the last antibiotic regimen prior to CDI was independently associated with a lower risk of recurrence [adjusted OR (AOR) 0.13; 95% CI: 0.06-0.29; P  < 0.0001] whereas exposure for ≥ 5 days to cephalosporins (versus piperacillin/tazobactam) was associated with an increased risk (AOR 10.9; 95% CI: 4.4-27.1; P  < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Recent use of piperacillin/tazobactam might be associated with a lower risk of CDI recurrence, while recent use of cephalosporins might promote an increased risk. These findings should be considered when treating hospitalized patients.
(© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of British Society for Antimicrobial Chemotherapy.)
Databáze: MEDLINE