Padded Helmet Shell Covers in American Football: A Comprehensive Laboratory Evaluation with Preliminary On-Field Findings.

Autor: Cecchi NJ; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Callan AA; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Watson LP; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Liu Y; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Zhan X; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Vegesna RV; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, 90089, USA., Pang C; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Le Flao E; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Grant GA; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.; Department of Neurology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.; Department of Neurosurgery, Duke University, Durham, NC, 27710, USA., Zeineh MM; Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA., Camarillo DB; Department of Bioengineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. dcamarillo@stanford.edu.; Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. dcamarillo@stanford.edu.; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA. dcamarillo@stanford.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Annals of biomedical engineering [Ann Biomed Eng] 2024 Oct; Vol. 52 (10), pp. 2703-2716. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Mar 14.
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-023-03169-2
Abstrakt: Protective headgear effects measured in the laboratory may not always translate to the field. In this study, we evaluated the impact attenuation capabilities of a commercially available padded helmet shell cover in the laboratory and on the field. In the laboratory, we evaluated the padded helmet shell cover's efficacy in attenuating impact magnitude across six impact locations and three impact velocities when equipped to three different helmet models. In a preliminary on-field investigation, we used instrumented mouthguards to monitor head impact magnitude in collegiate linebackers during practice sessions while not wearing the padded helmet shell covers (i.e., bare helmets) for one season and whilst wearing the padded helmet shell covers for another season. The addition of the padded helmet shell cover was effective in attenuating the magnitude of angular head accelerations and two brain injury risk metrics (DAMAGE, HARM) across most laboratory impact conditions, but did not significantly attenuate linear head accelerations for all helmets. Overall, HARM values were reduced in laboratory impact tests by an average of 25% at 3.5 m/s (range: 9.7 to 39.6%), 18% at 5.5 m/s (range: - 5.5 to 40.5%), and 10% at 7.4 m/s (range: - 6.0 to 31.0%). However, on the field, no significant differences in any measure of head impact magnitude were observed between the bare helmet impacts and padded helmet impacts. Further laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate the ability of the padded helmet shell cover to maintain its performance after exposure to repeated, successive impacts and across a range of temperatures. This research provides a detailed assessment of padded helmet shell covers and supports the continuation of in vivo helmet research to validate laboratory testing results.
(© 2023. The Author(s) under exclusive licence to Biomedical Engineering Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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