Medication preventing postictal hypoperfusion and cognitive side-effects in electroconvulsive therapy: A retrospective cohort study.

Autor:	Verdijk JPAJ; Department of Psychiatry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands.; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands., Schuur G; Department of Psychiatry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands., Pottkämper JCM; Department of Psychiatry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands.; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands., Ten Doesschate F; Department of Psychiatry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands., Hofmeijer J; Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, TechMed Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands.; Department of Neurology, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands., van Waarde JA; Department of Psychiatry, Rijnstate Hospital, Arnhem, Netherlands.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in psychiatry [Front Psychiatry] 2023 Feb 09; Vol. 14, pp. 1026014. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 09 (Print Publication: 2023).
DOI:	10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1026014
Abstrakt:	Background: Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is associated with postictal confusion and cognitive side-effects. In rats, acetaminophen, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and calcium antagonists decreased postictal cerebral hypoperfusion along with reduction in postictal symptoms. In this study, in ECT-patients, we explore associations between use of these potentially protective medications and occurrence of postictal confusion and cognitive outcome. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective, naturalistic cohort study, patient-, treatment-, and ECT-characteristics, were collected from medical files of patients treated with ECT for major depressive disorder (MDD) or bipolar depressive episode. To test for associations of use of these medications with occurrence of postictal confusion, 295 patients could be included. Cognitive outcome data were available in a subset of 109 patients. Univariate analyses and multivariate censored regression models were used to test for associations. Results: Occurrence of severe postictal confusion was not associated with use of acetaminophen, NSAIDs or calcium antagonists ( n = 295). Regarding the cognitive outcome measure ( n = 109), use of calcium antagonists was associated with higher post-ECT cognitive scores (i.e., better cognitive outcome; β = 2.23; p = 0.047), adjusted for age (β = -0.02; p = 0.23), sex (β = -0.21; p = 0.73), pre-ECT cognitive score (β = 0.47; p < 0.0001), and post-ECT depression score (β = -0.02; p = 0.62), but use of acetaminophen (β = -1.55; p = 0.07) as well as NSAIDs (β = -1.02; p = 0.23) showed no associations. Conclusion: This retrospective study does not find arguments for protective effects of acetaminophen, NSAIDs or calcium antagonists against severe postictal confusion in ECT. As a preliminary finding, the use of calcium antagonists was associated with improved cognitive outcome after ECT in this cohort. Prospective controlled studies are necessary. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2023 Verdijk, Schuur, Pottkämper, ten Doesschate, Hofmeijer and van Waarde.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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