Effect of incubation time of three single extraction procedures on trace element extraction from sediment and soil.

Autor: Qadah D; Department of Chemistry, Birzeit University, Birzeit, P.O. Box 14, Ramallah, Palestine. dqadah@birzeit.edu., Bervoets L; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium., Blust R; Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, Antwerp, 2020, Belgium.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Environmental monitoring and assessment [Environ Monit Assess] 2023 Jan 30; Vol. 195 (2), pp. 342. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Jan 30.
DOI: 10.1007/s10661-022-10890-3
Abstrakt: The use of standard single-extraction procedures to evaluate the mobility and availability of trace elements is a common practice in most laboratories dealing with soil or sediment analysis. Most standard single-extraction procedures describe incubations last for 2 h. However, these were tested and validated for soil analysis. Applying them for sediment analysis without further investigation might be misleading and should be reviewed with care. This paper investigates the effect of incubation time on the extraction efficiency of three standard single-extracting reagents (0.01 M CaCl 2 , 1 M NH 4 NO 3 , and 0.05 M EDTA). Incubation experiments with sediment and soil samples lasting for 2 h, 10 h, and 10 d were performed. The results indicated that 2 h appears sufficient to reach equilibrium using CaCl 2 or NH 4 NO 3 for soil analysis; but when analyzing sediments, incubation for 10 d resulted in higher concentrations. Incubation experiments with 0.05 M EDTA showed that incubation for 2 h was enough to extract Cd from the soil sample, Mn and to a lesser extent Cd from the sediment samples; while for the other elements, incubation for 10 d yielded higher concentrations for both sample types compared to that obtained after 2 h and 10 h separately. Relative to the pseudo-total metal contents, more than 55% of all studied elements were extracted by using 0.05 M EDTA, indicating high bioavailable metal fraction.
(© 2023. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Switzerland AG.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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