| Autor: |
Seah BKB; Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tuebingen 72072, Germany., Singh M; Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tuebingen 72072, Germany., Emmerich C; Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tuebingen 72072, Germany., Singh A; Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tuebingen 72072, Germany., Woehle C; Max Planck Genome Center Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, Cologne 50829, Germany., Huettel B; Max Planck Genome Center Cologne, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding, Cologne 50829, Germany., Byerly A; Department of Computer Science and Information Systems, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625., Stover NA; Department of Biology, Bradley University, Peoria, IL 61625., Sugiura M; Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan., Harumoto T; Department of Chemistry, Biology, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Science, Nara Women's University, Nara 630-8506, Japan., Swart EC; Max Planck Institute for Biology, Tuebingen 72072, Germany. |
| Abstrakt: |
During their development following sexual conjugation, ciliates excise numerous internal eliminated sequences (IESs) from a copy of the germline genome to produce the functional somatic genome. Most IESs are thought to have originated from transposons, but the presumed homology is often obscured by sequence decay. To obtain more representative perspectives on the nature of IESs and ciliate genome editing, we assembled 40,000 IESs of Blepharisma stoltei , a species belonging to a lineage (Heterotrichea) that diverged early from those of the intensively studied model ciliate species. About a quarter of IESs were short (<115 bp), largely nonrepetitive, and with a pronounced ~10 bp periodicity in length; the remainder were longer (up to 7 kbp) and nonperiodic and contained abundant interspersed repeats. Contrary to the expectation from current models, the assembled Blepharisma germline genome encodes few transposases. Instead, its most abundant repeat (8,000 copies) is a Miniature Inverted-repeat Transposable Element (MITE), apparently a deletion derivative of a germline-limited Pogo-family transposon. We hypothesize that MITEs are an important source of IESs whose proliferation is eventually self-limiting and that rather than defending the germline genomes against mobile elements, transposase domestication actually facilitates the accumulation of junk DNA. |
