Variation of Tolerance to Isothiazolinones Among Daphnia pulex Clones.

Autor:	Wagner-Deyriès M; DECOD, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Agro, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Rennes, France., Varignier L; DECOD, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Agro, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Rennes, France., Revel M; DECOD, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Agro, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Rennes, France., Delhaye T; Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique, UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6164, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France., Rondeau D; Institut d'Électronique et des Technologies du numéRique, UMR Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 6164, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France., Coutellec MA; DECOD, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Agro, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Rennes, France., McCairns RJS; DECOD, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Institut Agro, Institut Francais de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer, Rennes, France.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Environmental toxicology and chemistry [Environ Toxicol Chem] 2023 Apr; Vol. 42 (4), pp. 805-814. Date of Electronic Publication: 2023 Feb 23.
DOI:	10.1002/etc.5564
Abstrakt:	Isothiazolinones are a family of broad-spectrum biocides widely used in industry and consumer products. Chloro- and methyl-isothiazolinones (CMIT and MIT) are documented as strong irritants, yet they are still used in a wide variety of applications, including cosmetics, cleansers, hygienic products, and various industrial applications. The subsequent substantial release of these molecules from urban sources into freshwater environments, and their potential impacts on aquatic species, have nevertheless received little attention so far, with few studies reporting on the toxicity of either CMIT or MIT to nontarget organisms. The present study addresses this current knowledge gap by evaluating the acute toxicity to Daphnia pulex (Cladocera) of CMIT/MIT (3:1) and MIT, the two formulations most commonly used by manufacturers. In addition, genetic diversity is known to be a major component of variability in phenotypic responses, although it is largely overlooked in typical toxicity tests. Thus the potential range of responses inherent to genetic diversity is rarely considered. Therefore, to account for intraspecific variations in sensitivity, our design involved eight clonal lines of D. pulex stemming from distinct natural populations or commercial strains. Clones exhibited strong variation in their responses, with median lethal concentration (LC50) values ranging from 0.10 to 1.84 mg/L for the mixture CMIT/MIT, and from 0.68 to 2.84 mg/L for MIT alone. These intraspecific ranges of LC50 values challenge the use of single clones of daphnids in standard ecotoxicological tests and the predictions based on their results. The present study brings new evidence that assessing ecological risk of chemicals while ignoring genotype diversity is neither ecologically relevant, nor a representative evaluation of the diversity of potential adverse outcomes. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;42:805-814. © 2023 SETAC. (© 2023 SETAC.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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