Predominant Clonal Reproduction with Infrequent Genetic Recombination of Phaeoacremonium minimum in Western Cape Vineyards.

Autor: Havenga M; Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbji, The Fruit, Vine and Wine Institute of the Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa., Halleen F; Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbji, The Fruit, Vine and Wine Institute of the Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa.; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa., Baloyi A; Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbji, The Fruit, Vine and Wine Institute of the Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa.; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa., Bester M; Plant Protection Division, ARC Infruitec-Nietvoorbji, The Fruit, Vine and Wine Institute of the Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X5026, Stellenbosch, 7599, South Africa.; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa., Linde CC; Ecology and Evolution, Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, 2601, Australia., Mostert L; Department of Plant Pathology, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, 7602, South Africa. lmost@sun.ac.za.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Microbial ecology [Microb Ecol] 2023 Aug; Vol. 86 (2), pp. 887-899. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 11.
DOI: 10.1007/s00248-022-02142-1
Abstrakt: Phaeoacremonium minimum is an important esca and Petri disease pathogen that causes dieback of grapevines in South Africa. Little is known regarding the reproductive strategy of the pathogen. Sexual reproduction could lead to a better adaptation of the pathogen to disease management strategies by combining alleles through recombination. The study aimed to investigate the genetic diversity and recombination potential of eight populations in the Western Cape, from six commercial vineyards and two nursery rootstock mother blocks. This was achieved by developing and applying nine polymorphic microsatellites and mating-type-specific markers. Thirty-seven genotypes were identified from 295 isolates. Populations were characterised by the same dominant genotype (MLG20 occurring 65.43%), low genotypic diversity (H) and high numbers of clones (81.36% of dataset). However, genotypes from the same sampling sites were not closely related based on a minimum spanning network and had high molecular variation within populations (94%), suggesting that multiple introductions of different genotypes occurred over time. Significant linkage disequilibrium among loci (r̅d) further indicated a dominant asexual cycle, even though perithecia have been observed in these four populations. The two rootstock mother blocks had unique genotypes and genotypes shared with the vineyard populations. Propagation material obtained from infected rootstock mother blocks could lead to the spread of more genotypes to newly established vineyards. Based on our results, it is important to determine the health status of rootstock mother blocks. Management strategies must focus on reducing aerial inoculum to prevent repeated infections and further spread of P. minimum genotypes.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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