The Molecular, Morphological and Genetic Characterization of Glyphosate Resistance in Conyza bonariensis from South Africa.

Autor:	Okumu MN; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa., Robbertse PJ; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa., Vorster BJ; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.; Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa., Reinhardt CF; Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Pretoria, Private Bag X20, Hatfield 0028, South Africa.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Plants (Basel, Switzerland) [Plants (Basel)] 2022 Oct 24; Vol. 11 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 24.
DOI:	10.3390/plants11212830
Abstrakt:	Six Conyza bonariensis (L.) Cronquist populations were screened in a pot experiment at the University of Pretoria's Hatfield experimental farm to evaluate and confirm the degree of glyphosate response. Resistance factors ranged from 2.7- to 24.8-fold compared to the most susceptible biotype. Partial sequencing of the 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) gene found no mutation at the Thr102, Ala103 or Pro106 positions. EPSPS mRNA expression levels in glyphosate-resistant biotypes (Swellendam and Piketberg seed sampling sites) were comparable or lower than those in susceptible biotypes (George and Fauresmith sites). Additionally, the highest expression level was reported in the susceptible Fauresmith biotype. These results indicate that glyphosate resistance in the tested resistant biotypes is not caused by target-site mutations and EPSPS gene amplification. Leaf surface characteristics can influence the spread and subsequent absorption of glyphosate. The study established non-significant results in the amount of leaf wax and insufficient mean separations in cuticle thickness and trichome density data. Therefore, the observed differences in response of biotypes to glyphosate treatment could not be attributed conclusively to differences in the leaf morphological characteristics investigated. Results from the inheritance study were consistent with glyphosate resistance being inherited in an incompletely dominant manner when plants were treated with glyphosate herbicide at 900 g ae ha -1 .
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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