Cross-sectional analysis of students and school workers reveals a high number of asymptomatic SARS-CoV-2 infections during school reopening in Brazilian cities.

Autor:	Borges LP; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Guimarães AG; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Fonseca DLM; Interunit Postgraduate Program on Bioinformatics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics (IME), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil., Freire PP; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Barreto ÍDC; Nuclear and Energy Technology Graduate Program (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil., Souza DRV; Department of Education in Health, Lagarto and Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil., Gurgel RQ; Department of Medicine and Post-Graduate Programs in Parasitic Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil., Lopes ASA; Department of Education in Health, Lagarto and Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil., Melquiades de Rezende Neto J; Department of Education in Health, Lagarto and Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil., Dos Santos KA; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Matos ILS; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., da Invenção GB; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Oliveira BM; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Santos AA; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Soares DA; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., de Jesus PC; Department of Pharmacy, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil., Dos Santos CA; Sergipe Central Public Health Laboratory, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil., Goes MAO; Department of Medicine and Post-Graduate Programs in Parasitic Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.; State Health Department, Sergipe, Brazil., Plaça DR; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Filgueiras IS; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Marques AHC; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Baiocchi GC; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Cabral-Miranda W; The Sabará Children´s Hospital and PENSI Institute, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Cabral de Miranda G; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Saraiva Camara NO; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Garcia Calich VL; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., Ramos RN; Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil., Nakaya HI; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, São Paulo 05652-900, Brazil.; Scientific Platform Pasteur, University of São Paulo, São Paulo 05508-020, Brazil., Rocha V; Laboratory of Medical Investigation in Pathogenesis and Directed Therapy in Onco-Immuno-Hematology (LIM-31), Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Hospital das Clínicas HCFMUSP, Faculdade de Medicina, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Instituto D'Or de Ensino e Pesquisa, São Paulo, Brazil.; Fundação Pró-Sangue-Hemocentro de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.; Churchill Hospital, Department of Hematology, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Giil LM; Department of Internal Medicine, Haraldsplass Deaconess Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Ochs HD; Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA., Schimke LF; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil., de Souza MSF; Department of Medicine and Post-Graduate Programs in Parasitic Biology and Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil.; State Health Department, Sergipe, Brazil., Cuevas LE; Department of Clinical Sciences, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, United Kingdom., Martins AF; Department of Education in Health, Lagarto and Post-graduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Sergipe, Brazil., Cabral-Marques O; Interunit Postgraduate Program on Bioinformatics, Institute of Mathematics and Statistics (IME), University of Sao Paulo (USP), Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Department of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analyses, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.; Network of Immunity in Infection, Malignancy, and Autoimmunity (NIIMA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Sao Paulo, Brazil.; Department of Pharmacy and Postgraduate Program of Health and Science, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2022 Nov; Vol. 8 (11), pp. e11368. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Nov 04.
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e11368
Abstrakt:	Brazil experienced one of the most prolonged periods of school closures, and reopening could have exposed students to high rates of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the infection status of students and school workers at the time of the reopening of schools located in Brazilian cities is unknown. Here we evaluated viral carriage by RT-PCR and seroprevalence of anti-SARS-CoV-2 antibodies (IgM and IgG) by immunochromatography in 2259 individuals (1139 students and 1120 school workers) from 28 schools in 28 Brazilian cities. We collected the samples within 30 days after public schools reopened and before the start of vaccination campaigns. Most students (n = 421) and school workers (n = 446) had active (qRT-PCR + IgM- IgG- or qRT-PCR + IgM + IgG-/+) SARS-CoV-2 infection. Regression analysis indicated a strong association between the infection status of students and school workers. Furthermore, while 45% (n = 515) of the students and 37% (n = 415) of the school workers were neither antigen nor antibody positive in laboratory tests, 16% of the participants (169 students and 193 school workers) were oligosymptomatic, including those reinfected. These individuals presented mild symptoms such as headache, sore throat, and cough. Notably, most of the individuals were asymptomatic (83.9%). These results indicate that many SARS-CoV-2 infections in Brazilian cities during school reopening were asymptomatic. Thus, our study highlights the need to promote a coordinated public health effort to guarantee a safe educational environment while avoiding exacerbating pre-existent social inequalities in Brazil, reducing social, mental, and economic losses for students, school workers, and their families. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. (© 2022 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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