Adapting wine grape production to climate change through canopy architecture manipulation and irrigation in warm climates.

Autor: Yu R; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Torres N; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Tanner JD; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Kacur SM; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Marigliano LE; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Zumkeller M; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Gilmer JC; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States., Gambetta GA; Ecophysiologie et genomique fonctionnelle de la vigne (EGFV), Bordeaux Sciences Agro, Institut national de la recherche agronomique (INRAE), Université de Bordeaux, Institue des sciences de la vigne et du vin (ISVV), Villenave d'Ornon, France., Kurtural SK; Department of Viticulture and Enology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, United States.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Frontiers in plant science [Front Plant Sci] 2022 Oct 03; Vol. 13, pp. 1015574. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 03 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1015574
Abstrakt: Grape growing regions are facing constant warming of the growing season temperature as well as limitations on ground water pumping used for irrigating to overcome water deficits. Trellis systems are utilized to optimize grapevine production, physiology, and berry chemistry. This study aimed to compare 6 trellis systems with 3 levels of applied water amounts based on different replacements of crop evapotranspiration (ET c ) in two consecutive seasons. The treatments included a vertical shoot position (VSP), two modified VSPs (VSP60 and VSP80), a single high wire (SH), a high quadrilateral (HQ), and a Guyot pruned VSP (GY) combined with 25%, 50%, and 100% ET c water replacement. The SH had greater yields, whereas HQ was slower to reach full production potential. At harvest in both years, the accumulation of anthocyanin derivatives was enhanced in SH, whereas VSPs decreased them. As crown porosity increased (mostly VSPs), berry flavonol concentration and likewise molar % of quercetin in berries increased. Conversely, as leaf area increased, total flavonol concentration and molar % of quercetin decreased, indicating a preferential arrangement of leaf area along the canopy for overexposure of grape berry with VSP types. The irrigation treatments revealed linear trends for components of yield, where greater applied water resulted in larger berry size and likewise greater yield. 25% ET c was able to increase berry anthocyanin and flavonol concentrations. Overall, this study evidenced the efficiency of trellis systems for optimizing production and berry composition in Californian climate, also, the feasibility of using flavonols as the indicator of canopy architecture.
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
(Copyright © 2022 Yu, Torres, Tanner, Kacur, Marigliano, Zumkeller, Gilmer, Gambetta and Kurtural.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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