Whole fresh fruit intake and risk of incident diabetes in different glycemic stages: a nationwide prospective cohort investigation.

Autor: Li L; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Yang HY; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Ma Y; Department of Ultrasonography, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China., Liang XH; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Xu M; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Zhang J; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Huang ZX; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Meng LH; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Zhou J; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Xian J; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Suo YJ; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Huang S; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Cai JW; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Meng BH; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China., Zhao ZY; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Lu JL; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Xu Y; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Wang TG; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Li M; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Chen YH; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Wang WQ; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Bi YF; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Ning G; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Shen FX; The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China., Hu RY; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China., Chen G; Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China., Chen L; Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China., Chen LL; Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China., Deng HC; The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China., Gao ZN; Dalian Municipal Central Hospital, Dalian, China., Huo YN; Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital Affiliated to Nanchang University, Nanchang, China., Li Q; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China., Liu C; Jiangsu Province Hospital on Integration of Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing, China., Mu YM; Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China., Qin GJ; The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China., Shi LX; Affiliated Hospital of Guiyang Medical College, Guiyang, China., Su Q; Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China., Wan Q; The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China., Wang GX; The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China., Wang SY; Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Shanghai Institute of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.; Shanghai National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory for Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases of the National Health Commission of the PR China, Shanghai National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai, China., Wang YM; The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China., Wu SL; Karamay Municipal People's Hospital, Xinjiang, China., Xu YP; Clinical Trials Center, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China., Yan L; Sun Yat-Sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China., Yang T; The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China., Ye Z; Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Zhejiang, China., Yu XF; Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China., Zhang YF; Central Hospital of Shanghai Jiading District, Shanghai, China., Zhao JJ; Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, China., Zeng TS; Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China., Tang XL; The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China., Qin YF; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China. yingfenq@126.com., Luo ZJ; Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, No. 6 of Shuangyong Road, Nanning, 530021, Guangxi, China. zluo888@163.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: European journal of nutrition [Eur J Nutr] 2023 Mar; Vol. 62 (2), pp. 771-782. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Oct 19.
DOI: 10.1007/s00394-022-02998-6
Abstrakt: Purpose: Fruit intake is beneficial to several chronic diseases, but controversial in diabetes. We aimed to investigate prospectively the associations of whole fresh fruit intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in subjects with different glucose regulation capacities.
Methods: The present study included 79,922 non-diabetic participants aged ≥ 40 years from an ongoing nationwide prospective cohort in China. Baseline fruit intake information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Plasma HbA1c, fasting and 2 h post-loading glucose levels were measured at both baseline and follow-up examinations. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident diabetes among participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and prediabetes, after adjusted for multiple confounders. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied for dose-response relation.
Results: During a median 3.8-year follow-up, 5886 (7.36%) participants developed diabetes. Overall, we identified a linear and dose-dependent inverse association between dietary whole fresh fruit intake and risk of incident T2D. Each 100 g/d higher fruit intake was associated with 2.8% lower risk of diabetes (HR 0.972, 95%CI [0.949-0.996], P = 0.0217), majorly benefiting NGT subjects with 15.2% lower risk (HR 0.848, 95%CI [0.766-0.940], P = 0.0017), while not significant in prediabetes (HR 0.981, 95%CI 0.957-4.005, P = 0.1268). Similarly, the inverse association was present in normoglycemia individuals with a 48.6% lower risk of diabetes when consuming fruits > 7 times/week comparing to those < 1 time/week (HR 0.514, 95% CI [0.368-0.948]), but not in prediabetes (HR 0.883, 95% CI [0.762-1.023]).
Conclusion: These findings suggest that higher frequency and amount of fresh fruit intake may protect against incident T2D, especially in NGT, but not in prediabetes, highlighting the dietary recommendation of higher fresh fruit consumption to prevent T2D in normoglycemia population.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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