High occurrence of viable forms of Cryptosporidium and Giardia in domestic sewage from an agricultural region of Brazil.

Autor: Ladeia WA; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Martins FDC; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Nino BSL; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Silvério ADC; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., da Silva AC; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Ossada R; Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health Department, Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics College, São Paulo University, Professor Orlando M de Paiva Avenue, 87, São Paulo 05508-270, Brazil., da Silva DA; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Garcia JL; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com., Freire RL; Preventive Veterinary Medicine Department, State University of Londrina, Celso Garcia Cid, PR 445 Highway km 388, University Campus, Londrina, Paraná 86057-970, Brazil E-mail: winnialvesladeia@gmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of water and health [J Water Health] 2022 Sep; Vol. 20 (9), pp. 1405-1415.
DOI: 10.2166/wh.2022.127
Abstrakt: Cryptosporidium and Giardia are the main etiologies of waterborne outbreaks caused by protozoa. These parasites are commonly detected in wastewater; however, there is little knowledge about the concentration of viable forms in treated sewage, mainly in small communities. To understand more about the presence of viable oocysts and cysts in domestic sewage, we monitored the affluent and effluent of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) in inner-city Brazil. Ten samplings and seven follow-ups were performed in 2020. Samples were concentrated by centrifugation, filtration and purified by fluctuation. Viability was accessed by propidium-monoazide (PMA) associated with nPCR and qPCR. Both viable protozoa were detected in all raw sewage samples (average: 438.5 viable oocysts/L). Regarding treated sewage, Cryptosporidium was detected in all of the samples (average: 92.8 viable oocysts/L) and Giardia was detected in 70% with viable cysts in 30%. Considering the follow-ups, 31.17% of Cryptosporidium viable oocysts remained in the effluent after the treatment. High amounts of Cryptosporidium and a high frequency of Giardia were detected, therefore both arrived at WWTP and were discharged into the river. These alert the presence of agro-industrial effluents into domestic sewage and demonstrated the effectiveness of the concentration technique for monitoring protozoa in wastewater.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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