Morphology engineering of silicon nanoparticles for better performance in Li-ion battery anodes.

Autor: Lai SY; Department for Neutron Materials Characterization, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Mæhlen JP; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Preston TJ; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Skare MO; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Nagell MU; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Ulvestad A; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway., Lemordant D; PCM2E (EA6299) University of Tours, Faculté des Sciences et Techniques Bât. J, Parc de Grandmont 37200 Tours France., Koposov AY; Department of Battery Technology, Institute for Energy Technology (IFE) Instituttveien 18 NO-2007 Kjeller Norway.; Centre for Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Department of Chemistry, University of Oslo PO Box 1033 Blindern Oslo N-0315 Norway alexey.koposov@kjemi.uio.no.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nanoscale advances [Nanoscale Adv] 2020 Oct 13; Vol. 2 (11), pp. 5335-5342. Date of Electronic Publication: 2020 Oct 13 (Print Publication: 2020).
DOI: 10.1039/d0na00770f
Abstrakt: Amorphous silicon nanoparticles were synthesized through pyrolysis of silane gas at temperatures ranging from 575 to 675 °C. According to the used temperature and silane concentration, two distinct types of particles can be obtained: at 625 °C, spherical particles with smooth surface and a low degree of aggregation, but at a higher temperature (650 °C) and lower silane concentration, particles with extremely rough surfaces and high degree of aggregation are found. This demonstrates the importance of the synthesis temperature on the morphology of silicon particles. The two types of silicon nanoparticles were subsequently used as active materials in a lithium half cell configuration, using LiPF 6 in an alkylcarbonate-based electrolyte, in order to investigate the impact of the particles morphology on the cycling performances of silicon anode material. The difference in morphology of the particles resulted in different volume expansions, which impacts the solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and, as a consequence, the lifetime of the electrode. Half-cells fabricated from spherical particles demonstrated almost 70% capacity retention for over 300 cycles, while the cells made from the rough, aggregated particles showed a sharp decrease in capacity after the 20 th cycle. The cycling results underline the importance of Si particle engineering and its influence on the lifetime of Si-based materials.
Competing Interests: There are no conflicts to declare.
(This journal is © The Royal Society of Chemistry.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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