| Autor: |
Marson EO; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil., Ricardo IA; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil.; Faculdade de Ciências Naturais e Exactas, Universidade Save, Chongoene 0301-01, Mozambique., Paniagua CES; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil., Malta SM; Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-319, Brazil., Ueira-Vieira C; Instituto de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38405-319, Brazil., Starling MCVM; Departamento de Engenharia Sanitária e Ambiental, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270-010, Brazil., Sánchez Pérez JA; Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), University of Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, ES04120 Almería, Spain., Trovó AG; Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, Brazil.; Solar Energy Research Centre (CIESOL), University of Almería, Ctra. de Sacramento s/n, ES04120 Almería, Spain. |
| Abstrakt: |
Benzophenone-3, fipronil and propylparaben are micropollutants that are potential threats to ecosystems and have been detected in aquatic environments. However, studies involving the investigation of new technologies aiming at their elimination from these matrices, such as advanced oxidation processes, remain scarce. In this study, different iron complexes (FeCit, FeEDTA, FeEDDS and FeNTA) were evaluated for the degradation of a mixture of these micropollutants (100 µg L−1 each) spiked in municipal wastewater treatment plant (MWWTP) effluent at pH 6.9 by solar photo-Fenton. Operational parameters (iron and H2O2 concentration and Fe/L molar ratio) were optimized for each complex. Degradation efficiencies improved significantly by increasing the concentration of iron complexes (1:1 Fe/L) from 12.5 to 100 µmol L−1 for FeEDDS, FeEDTA and FeNTA. The maximum degradation reached with FeCit for all iron concentrations was limited to 30%. Different Fe/L molar ratios were required to maximize the degradation efficiency for each ligand: 1:1 for FeNTA and FeEDTA, 1:3 for FeEDDS and 1:5 for FeCit. Considering the best Fe/L molar ratios, higher degradation rates were reached using 5.9 mmol L−1 H2O2 for FeNTA and FeEDTA compared to 1.5 and 2.9 mmol L−1 H2O2 for FeEDDS and FeCit, respectively. Acute toxicity to Canton S. strain D. melanogaster flies reduced significantly after treatment for all iron complexes, indicating the formation of low-toxicity by-products. FeNTA was considered the best iron complex source in terms of the kinetic constant (0.10 > 0.063 > 0.051 > 0.036 min−1 for FeCit, FeNTA, FeEDTA and FeEDDS, respectively), organic carbon input and cost-benefit (USD 327 m−3 > USD 20 m−3 > USD 16 m−3 > USD 13 m−3 for FeEDDS, FeCit, FeEDTA and FeNTA, respectively) when compared to the other tested complexes. |
