| Autor: |
Tanaka TSO; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Cesar GA; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Rezende GR; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Puga MAM; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Weis-Torres SMDS; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Bandeira LM; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Pompílio MA; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil., Croda J; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil.; Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande 79081-746, Brazil., Guimarães ML; Laboratório de AIDS e Imunologia Molecular, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil., Motta-Castro ARC; Laboratory of Clinical Immunology, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande 79070-900, Brazil.; Fiocruz Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Campo Grande 79081-746, Brazil. |
| Abstrakt: |
Higher rates of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have been detected in prisoners when compared with the general population, but research into HIV molecular epidemiology and its transmission network has been lacking among them. Thus, this study aimed to verify potential HIV molecular transmission networks among prisoners. In addition, we aimed to describe the mutations related to antiretroviral resistance in these isolates. Thus, we conducted a cross-sectional survey from 2013 to 2018 in prisons in Central-Western Brazil, and the final sampling composed of 84 prisoners. Proviral DNA was extracted from each whole blood sample followed by amplification of the partial polymerase gene and sequencing. Forty-nine sequences (58.3%) were classified as subtype B, followed by C (14.3%), D, and F1 (2.4% each). A complex and dynamic HIV-1 epidemic is observed in the prisons, as 25% of the sequences were recombinant forms. We detected 15 HIV transmission clusters composed of at least two sequences, that included not only prisoners but also individuals from the general population from the same State with a variety of risk behaviors. Thirty-two percent (32.0%) of treatment-experienced prisoners had at least one drug resistance mutation (DRM), while transmitted DRMs were found in 5.9% of the prisoners. We highlight the urgent need for routine surveillance of HIV-1 infection including resistance genotypic tests considering the high disease burden, risky behaviors inside prisons, and the dynamic relationship of prisoners with the outside community. |
