Depression and Its Association With Self-Esteem and Lifestyle Factors Among School-Going Adolescents in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Autor:	Ibrahim MF; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Wan Ismail WS; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Nik Jaafar NR; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Mohd Mokhtaruddin UK; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ong HY; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Abu Bakar NH; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Mohd Salleh Sahimi H; Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in psychiatry [Front Psychiatry] 2022 Jun 09; Vol. 13, pp. 913067. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 09 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fpsyt.2022.913067
Abstrakt:	Introduction: Depression is a prevalent mental health condition worldwide and in Malaysia. Depression among adolescents has been steadily increasing. Self-esteem has been known to be associated with depression. It has been postulated that a poor lifestyle among adolescents is associated with depression. This paper aims to study the correlation of self-esteem, lifestyle (eating behavior, physical activity, and internet usage) with depression among Malaysian youth. Methodology: This is a cross-sectional study among secondary school children from 5 random schools in an urban city of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Those with intellectual disability and/or difficulty to comprehend Malay language, and without parental consent and assent, were excluded. Students from randomly selected classes aged 13-year-old to 17-year-old were invited to fill in these questionnaires: Socio-demographic Questionnaire, Rosenberg Self-esteem Questionnaire, Physical Activity Questionnaire (PAQ-A), Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaires (EDE-Q), Internet Addiction Test Scale (IAT), and Children's Depression Inventory (CDI). Result: 461 students participated in the study. 21.5% of the participating students were found to have depression ( n = 99). Younger age and Chinese race showed significant association with adolescent depression with a p -value of 0.032 and 0.017 respectively. Other significant correlations with depression were self-esteem ( p = 0.013), disordered eating ( p = 0.000), lower physical activity ( p = 0.014) and problematic internet usage ( p = 0.000). Discussion: The prevalence of depression among adolescents in this study (21.5%) is in line with previous prevalence studies in Malaysia. Self-esteem is postulated to be a moderating factor for depression hence explaining the significant association. A sedentary lifestyle may increase the risk of developing depression, The causal relationship between problematic internet usage and depression is complex and difficult to establish. This is similar to the relationship between problematic eating behavior and depression as well. Conclusion: There is still a need to explore the causal relationship between lifestyle factors and depression among youth. Despite that, the results from this paper have accentuated the gravity of the importance of a healthy lifestyle among adolescents. An appropriate preventive measure is governmental strategies and policies aiming at improving a healthier lifestyle in this age group. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The Handling Editor K-AT declared a shared affiliation, though no other collaboration, with one of the authors WW and NN at the time of the review. (Copyright © 2022 Ibrahim, Wan Ismail, Nik Jaafar, Mohd Mokhtaruddin, Ong, Abu Bakar and Mohd Salleh Sahimi.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
Externí odkaz:	Zobrazit plný text záznamu