Genetic diversity analysis of East African sorghum (Sorghum bicolor [L.] Moench) germplasm collections for agronomic and nutritional quality traits.

Autor:	Andiku C; African Center for Crop Improvement (ACCI), School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa.; National Semi-Arid Resources Research Institute (NaSARRI), P.O. Box 56, Soroti, Uganda.; Busitema University, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Sciences, Department of Crop Production and Management, P.O. Box 236, Tororo, Uganda., Shimelis H; African Center for Crop Improvement (ACCI), School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa., Shayanowako AIT; African Center for Crop Improvement (ACCI), School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Private Bag X01, Scottsville, 3209, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa., Gangashetty PI; International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)-Niger, BP 12404, Niamey, Niger., Manyasa E; International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT)-Kenya, P.O. Box 39063, Nairobi, Kenya.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Heliyon [Heliyon] 2022 Jun 10; Vol. 8 (6), pp. e09690. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 10 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.1016/j.heliyon.2022.e09690
Abstrakt:	Breeding for climate-resilient, high-yielding, and nutrient-rich sorghum cultivars is essential for sustainable food systems and enhanced livelihoods in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the genetic diversity among East African sorghum germplasm collections through agronomic and nutritional quality traits to select promising lines for direct production or breeding. A collection of 348 sorghum germplasm was field evaluated at two locations in Uganda using an augmented design, and grain iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) contents were profiled. Data were collected on 20 sorghum agro-morphological traits and Fe and Zn compositions. A significant (P ≤ 0.05) variation was detected amongst the test genotypes for all the assessed traits, suggesting the presence of sufficient genetic diversity for selection. High heritability (H 2 > 0.60) and genetic advance as percent of the mean (GA >20%) were computed for grain yield, Zn content, and selected agronomic traits, ensuring genetic gains through selection. A significant positive correlation was recorded between Fe and Zn concentrations (r = 0.32, P < 0.001), allowing simultaneous selection for the two nutrient compositions. Cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits resolved the test sorghum genotypes into four distinct genetic groups. Six genotypes with superior agronomic traits and high Fe and Zn contents were identified for production or potential parents for quality breeding. Overall, the current study found considerable genetic variation among East African sorghum germplasm collections for strategic conservation and breeding in Uganda or similar agro-ecologies. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest. (© 2022 The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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