Environmental trade-offs of direct air capture technologies in climate change mitigation toward 2100.

Autor: Qiu Y; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO, 80401, USA.; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, 2400 University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA., Lamers P; National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver W Pkwy, Golden, CO, 80401, USA. patrick.lamers@nrel.gov., Daioglou V; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, PO Box 30314, 2500 GH, The Hague, the Netherlands., McQueen N; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., de Boer HS; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, PO Box 30314, 2500 GH, The Hague, the Netherlands., Harmsen M; Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8a, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.; PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency, PO Box 30314, 2500 GH, The Hague, the Netherlands., Wilcox J; Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA., Bardow A; Institute of Energy and Climate Research - Energy Systems Engineering (IEK-10), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, Germany.; Energy and Process Systems Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092, Zurich, Switzerland., Suh S; Bren School of Environmental Science and Management, 2400 University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, 93117, USA. suh@bren.ucsb.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Nature communications [Nat Commun] 2022 Jun 25; Vol. 13 (1), pp. 3635. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jun 25.
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-31146-1
Abstrakt: Direct air capture (DAC) is critical for achieving stringent climate targets, yet the environmental implications of its large-scale deployment have not been evaluated in this context. Performing a prospective life cycle assessment for two promising technologies in a series of climate change mitigation scenarios, we find that electricity sector decarbonization and DAC technology improvements are both indispensable to avoid environmental problem-shifting. Decarbonizing the electricity sector improves the sequestration efficiency, but also increases the terrestrial ecotoxicity and metal depletion levels per tonne of CO 2 sequestered via DAC. These increases can be reduced by improvements in DAC material and energy use efficiencies. DAC exhibits regional environmental impact variations, highlighting the importance of smart siting related to energy system planning and integration. DAC deployment aids the achievement of long-term climate targets, its environmental and climate performance however depend on sectoral mitigation actions, and thus should not suggest a relaxation of sectoral decarbonization targets.
(© 2022. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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