Exposure to Antibacterial Chemicals Is Associated With Altered Composition of Oral Microbiome.

Autor:	Vindenes HK; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Lin H; Department of Biostatistics, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States., Shigdel R; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Ringel-Kulka T; Department of Maternal and Child Care, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, United States., Real FG; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway., Svanes C; Department of Occupational Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.; Centre for International Health, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway., Peddada SD; Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Branch, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, United States., Bertelsen RJ; Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway.; Oral Health Center of Expertise in Western Norway, Bergen, Norway.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in microbiology [Front Microbiol] 2022 Apr 28; Vol. 13, pp. 790496. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Apr 28 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fmicb.2022.790496
Abstrakt:	Antimicrobial chemicals are used as preservatives in cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, and food to prevent the growth of bacteria and fungi in the products. Unintentional exposure in humans to such chemicals is well documented, but whether they also interfere with human oral microbiome composition is largely unexplored. In this study, we explored whether the oral bacterial composition is affected by exposure to antibacterial and environmental chemicals. Gingival fluid, urine, and interview data were collected from 477 adults (18-47 years) from the RHINESSA study in Bergen, Norway. Urine biomarkers of triclosan, triclocarban, parabens, benzophenone-3, bisphenols, and 2,4- and 2,5-dichlorophenols (DCPs) were quantified (by mass spectrometry). Microbiome analysis was based on 16S amplicon sequencing. Diversity and differential abundance analyses were performed to identify how microbial communities may change when comparing groups of different chemical exposure. We identified that high urine levels (>75th percentile) of propyl parabens were associated with a lower abundance of bacteria genera TM7 [G-3], Helicobacter, Megasphaera, Mitsuokella, Tannerella, Propionibacteriaceae [G-2] , and Dermabacter , as compared with low propylparaben levels (<25 th percentile). High exposure to ethylparaben was associated with a higher abundance of Paracoccus . High urine levels of bisphenol A were associated with a lower abundance of Streptococcus and exposure to another environmental chemical, 2,4-DCP, was associated with a lower abundance of Treponema, Fretibacterium , and Bacteroidales [G-2] . High exposure to antibacterial and environmental chemicals was associated with an altered composition of gingiva bacteria; mostly commensal bacteria in the oral cavity. Our results highlight a need for a better understanding of how antimicrobial chemical exposure influences the human microbiome. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Vindenes, Lin, Shigdel, Ringel-Kulka, Real, Svanes, Peddada and Bertelsen.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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