Hemodynamic and Structural Comparison of Human Fetal Heart Development Between Normally Growing and Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome-Diagnosed Hearts.

Autor:	Salman HE; Department of Mechanical Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Ankara, Turkey., Kamal RY; Pediatric Cardiology Division, Hamad General Hospital, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar., Hijazi ZM; Sidra Heart Center, Sidra Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, Doha, Qatar., Yalcin HC; Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2022 Mar 23; Vol. 13, pp. 856879. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 23 (Print Publication: 2022).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2022.856879
Abstrakt:	Congenital heart defects (CHDs) affect a wide range of societies with an incidence rate of 1.0-1.2%. These defects initiate at the early developmental stage and result in critical health disorders. Although genetic factors play a role in the formation of CHDs, the occurrence of cases in families with no history of CHDs suggests that mechanobiological forces may also play a role in the initiation and progression of CHDs. Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical CHD, which is responsible for 25-40% of all prenatal cardiac deaths. The comparison of healthy and HLHS hearts helps in understanding the main hemodynamic differences related to HLHS. Echocardiography is the most common imaging modality utilized for fetal cardiac assessment. In this study, we utilized echocardiographic images to compare healthy and HLHS human fetal hearts for determining the differences in terms of heart chamber dimensions, valvular flow rates, and hemodynamics. The cross-sectional areas of chamber dimensions are determined from 2D b-mode ultrasound images. Valvular flow rates are measured via Doppler echocardiography, and hemodynamic quantifications are performed with the use of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations. The obtained results indicate that cross-sectional areas of the left and right sides of the heart are similar for healthy fetuses during gestational development. The left side of HLHS heart is underdeveloped, and as a result, the hemodynamic parameters such as flow velocity, pressure, and wall shear stress (WSS) are significantly altered compared to those of healthy hearts. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Salman, Kamal, Hijazi and Yalcin.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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