Who Cares More about Chemical Defenses - the Macroalgal Producer or Its Main Grazer?

Autor: Heiser S; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA. heiser@uab.edu., Amsler CD; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA., Brothers CJ; Department of Biology, Walla Walla University, 204 S. College Ave, College Place, WA, 99324, USA., Amsler MO; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA., Shilling AJ; Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA., Bozarth L; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA., Davis CB; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA., McClintock JB; Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, 1300 University Blvd, Birmingham, AL, 35233, USA., Baker BJ; Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL, 33620, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of chemical ecology [J Chem Ecol] 2022 Apr; Vol. 48 (4), pp. 416-430. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Mar 30.
DOI: 10.1007/s10886-022-01358-2
Abstrakt: The consequences of defensive secondary metabolite concentrations and interspecific metabolite diversity on grazers have been extensively investigated. Grazers which prefer certain food sources are often found in high abundance on their host and as a result, understanding the interaction between the two is important to understand community structure. The effects of intraspecific diversity, however, on the grazer are not well understood. Within a single, localized geographic area, the Antarctic red seaweed Plocamium sp. produces 15 quantitatively and qualitatively distinct mixtures of halogenated monoterpenes ("chemogroups"). Plocamium sp. is strongly chemically defended which makes it unpalatable to most grazers, except for the amphipod Paradexamine fissicauda. We investigated differences in the feeding and growth rates of both Plocamium sp. and P. fissicauda, in addition to grazer reproductive output, in relation to different chemogroups. Some chemogroups significantly reduced the grazer's feeding rate compared to other chemogroups and a non-chemically defended control. The growth rate of Plocamium sp. did not differ between chemogroups and the growth rates of P. fissicauda also did not show clear patterns between the feeding treatments. Reproductive output, however, was significantly reduced for amphipods on a diet of algae possessing one of the chemogroups when compared to a non-chemically defended control. Hence, intraspecific chemodiversity benefits the producer since certain chemogroups are consumed at a slower rate and the grazer's reproductive output is reduced. Nevertheless, the benefits outweigh the costs to the grazer as it can still feed on its host and closely associates with the alga for protection from predation.
(© 2022. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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