Decrease of IL-1β and TNF in the Spinal Cord Mediates Analgesia Produced by Ankle Joint Mobilization in Complete Freund Adjuvant-Induced Inflammation Mice Model.

Autor:	Omura CM; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Lüdtke DD; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil.; Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Horewicz VV; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Fernandes PF; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Galassi TO; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Salgado ASI; Natural Quanta Wellness Center, Windermere, FL, United States., Palandi J; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil.; Laboratory of Experimentation in Neuropathology (LEN), Graduate Program in Neuroscience, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil., Baldança HDS; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil.; Faculty of Physical Therapy, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Bittencourt EB; Coastal Health Institute, Jacksonville, FL, United States., Mack JM; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil.; Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Department of Medical Clinic, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianopolis, Brazil.; Faculty of Medicine, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Seim LA; Department of Hospital Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, United States., Martins DF; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil., Bobinski F; Experimental Neuroscience Laboratory (LaNEx), Graduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina, Palhoça, Brazil.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Frontiers in physiology [Front Physiol] 2022 Jan 14; Vol. 12, pp. 816624. Date of Electronic Publication: 2022 Jan 14 (Print Publication: 2021).
DOI:	10.3389/fphys.2021.816624
Abstrakt:	Objective: This study aims to investigate the effects of ankle joint mobilization (AJM) on mechanical hyperalgesia and peripheral and central inflammatory biomarkers after intraplantar (i.pl.) Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA)-induced inflammation. Methods: Male Swiss mice were randomly assigned to 3 groups ( n = 7): Saline/Sham, CFA/Sham, and CFA/AJM. Five AJM sessions were carried out at 6, 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after CFA injection. von Frey test was used to assess mechanical hyperalgesia. Tissues from paw skin, paw muscle and spinal cord were collected to measure pro-inflammatory (TNF, IL-1β) and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10, and TGF-β1) by ELISA. The macrophage phenotype at the inflammation site was evaluated by Western blotting assay using the Nitric Oxide Synthase 2 (NOS 2) and Arginase-1 immunocontent to identify M1 and M2 macrophages, respectively. Results: Our results confirm a consistent analgesic effect of AJM following the second treatment session. AJM did not change cytokines levels at the inflammatory site, although it promoted a reduction in M2 macrophages. Also, there was a reduction in the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF in the spinal cord. Conclusion: Taken together, the results confirm the anti-hyperalgesic effect of AJM and suggest a central neuroimmunomodulatory effect in a model of persistent inflammation targeting the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and TNF. Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. (Copyright © 2022 Omura, Lüdtke, Horewicz, Fernandes, Galassi, Salgado, Palandi, Baldança, Bittencourt, Mack, Seim, Martins and Bobinski.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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