Participation in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children and Dietary Intake in Children: Associations With Race and Ethnicity.

Autor: Zimmer M; Epidemiology and Genomics Research Program, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Rockville, Maryland; Department of Public Health, Colleg of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee., Moshfegh AJ; Food Surveys Research Group, USDA Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, Maryland., Vernarelli JA; Department of Public Health, Sacred Heart University, Fairfield, Connecticut., Barroso CS; Department of Public Health, Colleg of Education, Health, and Human Sciences, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee; College of Nursing, The University of Tennessee Knoxville, Knoxville, Tennessee. Electronic address: cbarroso@utk.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: American journal of preventive medicine [Am J Prev Med] 2022 Apr; Vol. 62 (4), pp. 578-585. Date of Electronic Publication: 2021 Dec 27.
DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2021.10.017
Abstrakt: Introduction: Establishing healthy dietary intake in pediatric populations is important for prevention of chronic disease across the lifespan. Federal nutrition assistance programs can support the dietary intake of U.S. children. The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) participation status and dietary intake within racial and ethnic groups.
Methods: Dietary intake of children aged 2-4 years in the cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011-2016 was analyzed in 2021. Multivariable linear regression was used to compare stratum-specific mean estimates for nutrient and food group intake of children participating in Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (reference group) with those of nonparticipants who were income eligible and income ineligible (i.e., above income limits) for the WIC program. Significance was set to Bonferroni-corrected p-values.
Results: Hispanic WIC participants consumed less added sugar (8.9 [SE=0.5] teaspoons) than their higher-income counterparts (14.6 [SE=1.5] teaspoons, p<0.001). Hispanic WIC participants also consumed more fiber (13.0 [SE=0.6] grams) than income-eligible (11.4 [SE=0.7] grams, p=0.032) and income-ineligible (i.e., higher-income, 9.4 [SE=1.3] grams, p=0.019) nonparticipants, but this was not significant at the Bonferroni-adjusted p-value of 0.01. No differences in dietary intake were observed by WIC participation status for non-Hispanic White and non-Hispanic Black children.
Conclusions: Participation in WIC was associated with healthier dietary outcomes among Hispanic children; however, dietary intake of White and Black children was comparable by WIC participation status. Federal nutrition assistance programs should support sound nutrition, an important factor in reducing the risk of chronic disease, in all groups.
(Copyright © 2021. Published by Elsevier Inc.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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